The Cuban Economy during the Special Period and Beyond

After the collapse of the socialist camp, or possibly this caused Cuba to experience a serious economic crisis, academic literature on the island's economy flourished in recent years. Including Cuban scholars well trained in overseas published editing collections and publishing their own edited volumes by Cuban economists is a welcome addition to literature.

With the announcement of details on this topic, it is becoming increasingly difficult for one author to compile all topics in a single volume, so that editing of expert team processes and dissemination of specific areas are becoming increasingly difficult. These trends are explained in the seven books discussed in this white paper. Almost all of these books focus on the economic restructuring and the impact of certain periods (1990-2004). The six books being reviewed are editorial compilations, four contain a useful exchange of opinions with Cuba economists, one book is published in Havana, only Cuban writers, one in the sugar industry It is involved. There are a total of 68 authors and 84 chapters. About 31% of the authors are Americans, 28% are Cubans, 23% are Canada, Europeans, Latin Americans, and 18% are Cuban American. Due to this extent and diversity and spatial constraints, painful decisions have been made. For example, non-economic entities of Azicri and Deal are ignored. As discussed by Domínguez et al. It is even more difficult to decide to ignore the social impact of crisis and economic restructuring on poverty, equality, personal consumption, social expenditure and service. Espina, Íñiguez, PérezVillanueva, Togores, García (see also ÁlvarezandMáttar 2004, see also Mesa-Lago 2005a)

There are no conclusions in the five books; different authors contributed more than two chapters to editing; occasionally the same chapter appeared in various books in Spanish and English, expanded and updated. In this paper, we summarize these materials into seven themes and present my own different perspectives in the subject areas of (1) Cuban restructuring and globalization, (2) non-dollarization and centralization, and (3) domestic macroeconomic evolution introduce. (4) decline of sugar agriculture, (5) foreign sector and foreign investment, (6) tourism and remittance, (7) future economic reform

Coupled with erroneous domestic economic policy from 1986 to 1990, the collapse of the Socialist camps caused the worst economic crisis of the revolution. It was the lowest point in 1993 (a US embargo occurred in 1996 when the worst part of the crisis occurred). Tight) is over and recovery is ongoing. The Soviet aid was terminated, with GDP decreasing by 35%, foreign trade down by 75% ($ 65 billion in 1960 - 1990, 60% of which was free and non-repayable price subsidies). The reform is euphemically called the special peace era, reform is still in progress. Reform mainly includes domestic and foreign policy: legalization of US dollar and overseas remittance; it was usually done in 1993 - 1996. Decentralization of economic decision-making, management of domestic and foreign trade, conversion to state-owned farm cooperatives (UBPC), resumption of free agriculture

Leonardo Padula's "Havana Fanaticism" (2005) was set when the island became a long and difficult period as the Soviet subsidies to the Cuban economy disappeared in the special cynicism of Cuba. Wealth is measured by the distribution of eggs, and families sell whatever they support. Amidst this mystery, former detective Mario Kant became an antique book seller, and got a personal title of the former upper class and the library as a whole at a low price. Families living in a declining villa in Vedad, which once flourished, now harvest treasure for food payment. Padura found the roll, he bought a popular Bolero singer in Cuba, a beautiful and magical photo of Bioleta del Rio before the revolution. Conte wanted to know about her suicide and the mystery related to the family that owns the book. This breathtaking book is full of endless stories like Havana's decaying past, an old man.

The Cubans have endured. The collapse of the surviving Soviet system is a big burden. Mr. Fidel Castro calls it "a special period", dealing with the shortfalls for the Cubans, resisting the fall in sugar prices, and encouraging physical and mental isolation to support the erosion of the Cuban revolution I encouraged him to confront him. Signs claim "socialism or death" (socialism or death). However, as the growing "dollar economy" makes most products far beyond normal Cuba, they will be excluded from the best hotels, bars, beaches and people will give a shameful impression. In other words, the revolution is becoming a series of slogans.