The Composite Order

This part comes from the book "Architecture, Architecture, Woodworking, Architecture" by James C. et al. Available from Amazon: Architectural Encyclopedia, Woodworking and Architecture

Titus Arch (Figure 134) contains the earliest use case of composite orders in Rome. However, although it is the first example of Rome, there is still an early city of Asia Asia. The earliest use of this command is in Pronaos of Jupiter Temple of Isani. There, a canopied capital with a row (Figure 135) is used with the whirlpool. It can be traced back to the 1st century AD. This capital means a possible connection between the decorative ion capital (for example used in Elektorm) and later Roman Corinthian and compound capitals; as it is, it is these It can be seen from the first example. As indicated by the Greek capital Izani - the handling of the leaves of the belt may have later evolved into finer leaf handling on the capital clock tower. Therefore, composite capital may be more suitable for rich forms of ion sequences.

However, the comprehensive development of complex forms, combined with all the wealthiest and finest parts of the pre command, is undoubtedly due to the Romans. In addition to the fact that all shapes of this medal are carved more carefully than Corinthian architecture, its distinctive features also appear in the capital. It is a combination of Corinthian bell shaped bell and ornamental plants. Under the capital city. This capital may be considered a good example of Roman over-exposure, which is incompatible with today's taste. This fact makes little advantage over the comprehensive order; in order to complete and improve the advancement of Roman architecture, several examples are needed to illustrate.

At the Nerva forum, you can notice the first start of the collapse of Roman architecture. Obviously, low level artists are employed; this reduction in progress is seen even in the Corinthian order of the Arch of Sioux Severus and the mouth of mouth, the baths of Diocletian, as well as the Arch of Constantine maybe. Noticed.

The integrated order shown in the example of the lobby of Rome's Diocletian Bath suggests that it may be regarded as the final stage of Roman architectural development. The order date is approximately 290 A. And, especially in leaf processing, it clearly shows the transcendent decadence as well as other arts.

The order is displayed on the same plate as the Renaissance version of Palladio (Plate LVI) and dates back from 1518 to 1580. Another example very similar to the Palladio format is shown in the LV version and its construction method is almost the same as used in the Corinthian expression drawn next to it. A simple way of comparing the order shown in these two examples can be considered sufficiently accurate, which is usually used to roughly show the scales and contours of the two types of forms.

The blending sequence is a mixed sequence that combines the ion order capital's swirl and Corinthian leaf crown. However, in many versions, the composite sequential swirl is larger, usually placing the trim between spirals. Although the diameter of the composite order column is usually 10 digits, as with all orders, these detailed information can be adjusted by the architect according to the specific building. In addition to capital, the consolidated order is basically considered to be Corinthian, and there is no difference between the capital and the upper and lower. Composite orders were not found in ancient Greek buildings until the Renaissance era was not mentioned as a separate order. Instead, it is considered a Corinthian Roman Empire

Bramante (1444-1514) used a composite order for the second order of the Santa Maria della Pace Roman monastery. Ion order was used for primary. Francesco Borromini (1599-1667) has developed a composite order in San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane (1638) in Rome. There are 16 complex pillars in the church. The load bearing column under the arch has a reverse swirl. At the time, this choice was highly criticized and insisted that the lack of understanding of Bitravia's order caused him to make a decision.