The Changing Nature of Work: Implications for Occupational Analysis (1999)

Typewriters and vertical file systems caused a series of events that directly or indirectly changed the nature of work in all four ways (Coombs, 1984; Hounshell, 1984; Yates, 1993). New occupations such as automobile mechanics and electric engineers were born, and existing occupations such as administrative processing became more and more mechanized, and it became distinguished between typist and archivist. The emergence of large companies and urbanization also changed the working environment irreversibly, which in turn created an environment for labor unionization.

Several researchers believe that the current change in the essence of the work of digital technology caused by multiple uses is a sign of the tertiary industrial revolution (Bell, 1973; Dertouzos and Moses, 1979; Nora and Minc, 1981; Perrole, 1986). Negroponte, 1995; Block, 1990; Stewart, 1997). They observe the explosive growth of microelectronics, robotics engineering, computer integrated manufacturing technology, the emergence of artificial intelligence technology, the experiment of electronic data exchange, and the unprecedented growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web, I led the front line. Second Industrial Revolution

The other three external forces are common as factors that change the nature of work. These are labor force demographics, market globalization, and laws and regulations governing the relationship between labor and employment. Changes in the structure of the labor force include the presence of women, especially young mothers in the labor market, increased racial and ethnic diversity, including a reduction in the number of white workers, increased number of dual employees, increased education , And the aging of the labor force. . These demographic trends are well documented, not only to increase the unevenness of labor force, but also to expand existing employment and to satisfy household treatment outside previous households and paid economies It creates pressure to create new employment. Labor demand community

Globalization of the product market creates increasingly uncertain competitive pressure, a larger labor market, and the following trends -

These changes have broad implications. As innovation drives more sectors of the economy - change the nature of work on behalf of employment - serious economic unrest worsens distrust of democracy and exacerbates old prejudice and discrimination. Norms and aid decide the nature of employment and employers - not complying with labor market policies planned by workers. Millions of workers can not afford to simply respond to changing markets and increasing economic risk

Occupational hygienists have historically been involved in altering social perceptions of the nature and extent of danger and preventing exposure to the workplace and the community. Many occupational health workers need to manage or improve the workplace in their daily work, but in the past large social problems have affected the industry as a whole. Since 1900, asbestos exposure has affected the lives of thousands of people. Occupational hygienists are more active in understanding and managing exposures to consumers through new regulated products such as REACh (registration, evaluation, certification, chemical substance restriction).

As time goes by. As time goes by, changes in the structure of occupational classification may cause the index to exaggerate or underestimate the degree of change. In this paper, we focus on analysis during the period from 1985 to 1995. This is because there are only minor changes to the CPS classification structure for this period. A number of changes in occupational structure introduced in CPS in 1983 made it possible to extend the previous analysis. Regardless of the period, another problem with the analysis is that many occupational categories of "not belonging elsewhere" (n.ec.c.) and "other" categories are associated with unknown heterogeneous work combinations It is made up of.

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