The Application of Enzymes in Industry and Medicine

Enzymes applied to industry and medicine Enzymes are protein consisting of amino acid polypeptide chains. They are biocatalysts that regulate the speed of many processes and are used in various ways in industry and medicine. Since this enzyme is a globular protein and its structure is bound by hydrogen bonds, if these bonds are destroyed, they can easily be denatured. This is because their structure is very important to function. They have an active site where the substrate is broken down into product molecules and the enzyme no longer functions when this changes.

When very special catalysts are required, enzymes are used in the chemical industry and other industrial applications. Enzymes are generally limited in the number of reactions they evolved to catalyze and also due to lack of stability in organic solvents and high temperatures. Therefore, protein engineering is an active research area including attempts to create new enzymes with new properties through rational design or in vitro evolution. These efforts have begun to succeed, and some enzymes are "designed from scratch" to catalyze reactions not occurring in nature.

Enzymes also have valuable industrial and medical uses. Fermentation of wine, fermentation of bread, coagulation of cheese and brewing of beer have been carried out from the beginning, but until the 19th century these reactions were understood as a result of the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Since then, enzymes have become increasingly important in industrial processes, including organic chemical reactions. The use of enzymes in medicine includes the death of microorganisms causing disease, the promotion of wound healing, and the diagnosis of certain diseases.

Enzymes in the pharmaceutical and food industries are often renewable so they often use enzymes everywhere to provide a convenient way to obtain the desired substance from the substance without wasting substances and enzymes . . The following shows how enzymes are used to extract or produce useful substances in industry. Enzymes are biocatalysts that help to promote the reaction by providing an active site. - 2. Problems and Practices of Existing Leadership Many people use the concept of leadership and management as synonyms. But people must know that these two concepts are different. The difference between leadership and management is that leadership is the creation of value, the building of influence, the strengthening of leadership, more management is the calculation of value, the creation of power, the management of work (Nayar, 2013) .