The ‘Glutamate Theory’ of the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

Introduction: There are many studies on the role of glutamate in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, current antipsychotics do not control the major glutamatergic effect, but studies of NMDA receptor sites such as glycine transport inhibitors will provide new and new evidence for the discovery of future antipsychotics Dopamine hypothesis Schizophrenia dopamine (DA) theory of schizophrenia has conquered mental behavior Schizophrenia is a common cause of death in traditional thinking, mood and everyday activities (Olney et al., 1999) It is an associated mental disorder.

Several other neurotransmitters are also hypothesized to play a role in schizophrenia. The theory under investigation includes the failure of neurotransmitter receptors called glutamate and the balance between dopamine and serotonin (another neurotransmitter such as dopamine is involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia )It is included. . With the accumulation of research results on the biochemical aspect of schizophrenia, more and more people believe that the disease can contain various neurotransmitters, and different patients have different biochemical characteristics.

Studies have shown that several neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin, glutamate and dopamine are involved in the process leading to schizophrenia symptoms. Among them, dopamine theory is attracting the most attention and will be the focus of this research. Serotonin is an important neurotransmitter that accounts for schizophrenia by attempting to explain the components of the disease that were not initially explained. This includes negative symptoms and effects of antipsychotics. That role was recognized in the 1950s when serotonin was found to be similar to LSD (diethylamine lysergate). Because LSD competes with serotonin and occupies its receptor site, it causes psychotic symptoms. Atypical antipsychotics and dopamine receptor blockers can also act as 5-HT receptor antagonists. This hypothesis was confirmed when a typical antipsychotic was combined with a 5-HT 2 antagonist such as Ritanser.

Degradation of neurotransmitter glutamate and NMDA glutamate receptors in schizophrenia has also been attracting attention due mainly to the reduction in intracerebral glutamate receptor levels after schizophrenia and the discovery of glutamate blockade. Medicines such as phencyclidine and ketamine may mimic the symptoms and cognitive problems associated with the symptoms (Laruelle, 2014). Declines in glutamate function are associated with poor performance in tests that require frontal function and hippocampal function, and glutamate can affect dopamine function, both of which are associated with schizophrenia. Therefore, changes including the glutamate pathway have been suggested to have important mediators and potential causal effects in this disorder.

Name of disorder: Schizophrenia thesis: Schizophrenia - Author of complex brain disorder: (title / name / surname / qualification) Dr. Jess Nithianantharajah, Institute: Flory Neuroscience Institute and Mental Health Day: 27.06.14