Storage Duration of Mother Scales' Effects on Soluble Carbohydrates and Amylases in Lily Scale Bulblets

Introduction Scaling is a technique for spreading lilies (Gray, 1974; Marinangeli and Curvetto, 1997; Marinangeli et al., 2003). The cue ball is scaled and stored in a preferred matrix. The bulb bulbs occur on both sides of the individual mother's scale (Gray, 1974). This method has been previously studied and reported (Matsuo, 1972; Matsuo and Van Tuyl, 1984; Matsuo et al., 1989; Cabrera, 2002). Addai (2010) discovered that sucrose is an indispensable carbohydrate for lily bulbs. Because destruction and metabolism of this sugar is very important for promoting growth of storage organs, inflorescence and the like.

Saliva amylase starts digestion of starch. This is one of the more complex forms of carbohydrates. Saliva amylase is secreted into saliva, which breaks down long and branched chain carbohydrates (called amylose and amylopectin) into two molecules called maltose and three molecules of sugar. The various subunits that make up maltose are glucose. This is the main fuel source of the human body. Amylase secreted from the pancreas passes through the common bile duct and enters the small intestine with other digestive enzymes and compounds. When entering the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine is converted to its active form. It then acts under the action of salivary amylase with any starch that has not been cut into maltose molecules in the mouth.

Your saliva contains chemicals called enzymes, especially amylase. This enzyme breaks carbohydrates and sugars into simple glucose molecules. Carbohydrates are the preferred energy source for your body but your saliva can act on these important nutrients quickly because they are not preserved in the body for a long time. Once swallowed, it will enter your stomach along your esophagus. In the first 30 minutes or so, it will wait for the salivary amylase to wait to continue to act on the dietary carbohydrates at the top of your stomach. Raw food usually contains its own digestive enzyme, which also starts to decompose at this stage.

Digestion of carbohydrates starting from saliva amylase in the mouth will continue to be a bolus as it passes through the stomach. The bolus is broken down to one-third below the stomach's acidic gruel and the acidity of the stomach makes it possible to further inhibit the decomposition of carbohydrates. Pepsin digestion starts with protein. Epithelial cells secrete mucus and form a protective barrier between cells and stomach acid. Pepsin is inactivated when it comes into contact with mucus. Bicarbonate ion reduces the acidity near the inner layer of the stomach. Tight junctions join the inner layer cells of the epithelium to further reduce or prevent the passage of gastric acid

Amylases are important throughout the organism and they are essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates, one of the four basic food groups, and the main energy source for living cells. Amylase is an enzyme that increases reactivity without being consumed by reaction. The reaction they contain is hydrolysis of carbohydrates, which is cleavage of bonds and addition of water (Hogg 2005). There are two main forms of alpha amylase and beta amylase, both of which hydrolyze carbohydrates in different ways. Although alpha-amylase can act on any part of the carbohydrate chain, it works faster, but beta-amylase only acts on increased amounts of non-reducing ends after alpha-amylase activity. In plants, amylase is primarily responsible for seed germination; temperature may trigger the start of the process