Status and Position of European Jews at the End of 19th Century

Status and status of Jews in Europe at the end of the 19th century The status of the Jews from the late 19th century to the early 20th century varied from place to place. At the beginning of the 20th century, an estimated 9 million Jews lived in Europe. These spread to 21 countries. Most of these Jews live in countries such as Eastern Europe, Poland, the Soviet Union. =========================================================== ======= =============== By the end of the 19th century, 4 million Jews lived in Russia.

In the 19th century European Jews were released and in most European countries the Jews and non-Jews achieved equality of a certain status. Nevertheless, Jews are sometimes slandered and harassed by anti-Jewish groups. Indeed, some anti-Semiticists believe that Jews are heterogeneous "races" that can not be integrated into European culture, but before Hitler gains power, we conduct a coherent anti-Semitic movement It was not. After four years of struggle, Germany was defeated in the First World War, people were exhausted and divided. The strict peace clause of the Versailles treaty has put a large financial burden on them. Before the war, Germany was once regarded as the greatest country in Europe. It is now confused, painful and economically embarrassed, and its wealth is used up to cover the huge amount of money required by the Versailles Peace Treaty.

By the end of the nineteenth century, Jewish nationalism became a popular dream. This movement known as Zionism presumes that all Jews will return from their expatriates to the hometown of the Jews. In the 1880s, Eastern European Jews went to what was then called Palestine. This is the first wave of Aliyah (immigrant), its main purpose is to establish an agricultural place of residence. Edmund Rothschild Baron helped collect funds. The first Zionist conference was held in Basel, Switzerland under the guidance of Theodor Herzl in 1897. But 51 years later, the experience of the Holocaust made Zionism's dream a reality. The Jews were encouraged to immigrate to Palestine. It is for public sanctions by the League of Nations against Jewish houses. The Arabs objected to Jewish settlement and many anti-Semitic attacks

Eastern European and North African Jewish immigrants began in the middle of France in the mid-nineteenth century. In 1872, an estimated 86,000 Jews lived in France, and by 1945 this will increase to 300,000. Many Jews integrated (or tried to integrate) French society, but French nationalism brought anti-Semitism in many ways. Since the 1960s, France has experienced numerous Jewish immigrants from the Mediterranean and North Africa, but the French Jewish population is estimated to be about 600,000.