Standard Imaging Techniques for Assessment of Portal Venous System and its Tributaries by Linear Endoscopic Ultrasound: A Pictorial Essay

The posterior gastric vein is one or more small vessels that drain the posterior surface of the stomach into the spleen vein. A short gastric vein is excreted from the fundus and discharged to the splenic vein

Experienced operators may be able to determine blood vessels only by grayscale imaging. However, the use of color Doppler helps to separate smaller tributaries associated with the surface of the portal system. Slow motion along the portal boundary may be more useful from time to time to track the origin of the vein from near the portal boundary. Evaluation of the ship can be done at the designated place (Fig. 6, Tables 1, 1, 1, 2). 2). It is necessary to first perform grayscale optimization on the vessel of interest. The grayscale optimization setting should be set as low as possible. This leaves enough pixels for color flow analysis. A single focal region is set in the range of the vessel of interest. Color Doppler Boxes should be set high enough to produce color bleed first, then adjust the color gain and then gradually lower the gain until the cavity is completely filled with color until the stray signal disappears It will be applied by that. After optimally adjusting the color gain, optimize (reduce) the size of the color memory box to save computer memory and keep the frame rate as high as possible. Venous vein characteristics were confirmed by pulse Doppler. Continuous color coating is possible while moving slowly. If the movement of the probe occurs at a faster rate or due to respiratory artifacts, three to four scans may be taken to obtain information. Studying their process, position and relationship with major organs of the abdomen identified most of the tributaries. Four types of exercise are used to track blood vessels. Clockwise or counterclockwise slow motion is the most common movement of the heading when looking along the horizontal axis. Pushing or pushing the entire range is the most common tracking vessel movement seen along the vertical axis. After the balloon is inflated and pushed into the bulb of the duodenum, up and down, right and left movement, or left and right movement is mainly used. However, the choice of movement depends on the operator, sometimes requiring a combination of all exercises to obtain proper imaging of the tributaries.

Although linear endoscopy has been used to image the portal system, standard guidelines have yet to be established. This article describes a method for visualizing the portal system and its tributaries by linear endoscopy. Attempts have been made to show most primary tributaries and several splenic veins, secondary superior mesenteric venous branches and portal veins.

Standard imaging techniques for evaluating portal systems and their tributaries with linear endoscopic ultrasound: graphic articles

Experienced operators may be able to determine blood vessels only by grayscale imaging. However, the use of color Doppler helps to separate smaller tributaries associated with the surface of the portal system. Slow motion along the portal boundary may be more useful from time to time to track the origin of the vein from near the portal boundary. Evaluation of the ship can be done at the designated place (Fig. 6, Tables 1, 1, 1, 2). 2). It is necessary to first perform grayscale optimization on the vessel of interest. The grayscale optimization setting should be set as low as possible. This leaves enough pixels for color flow analysis. A single focal region is set in the range of the vessel of interest. After optimally adjusting the color gain, optimize (reduce) the size of the color memory box to save computer memory and keep the frame rate as high as possible. Confirmation of vein characteristics of a blood vessel by pulse Doppler

Standard imaging techniques for evaluating portal systems and their tributaries by linear endoscopic ultrasound: graphics

In angiography or vascular internal medicine, dual ultrasound examinations (B-mode angiography combined with Doppler blood flow measurements) are used every day to diagnose arterial disease and venous disease throughout the body. This is particularly important in neurology where ultrasound is used to assess blood flow and stenosis in the carotid artery (carotid ultrasound) and the internal cerebral artery (transcranial Doppler). Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a method using a specially designed catheter with a small ultrasound probe attached to the distal end of the catheter. The proximal end of the catheter is connected to a computerized ultrasound device. It allows the application of ultrasonic techniques such as piezoelectric sensors or CMUTs through the peripheral blood vessels from the inside of the vessel to visualize the endothelium (inner wall) of the vessel in vivo.