Stable and Self Adaptive Routing for Mobile and Ad Hoc Networks Using Cross Layer Design

The CL - DSR proposes a link metric as the cumulative value of the link instability index represented by "Ψ" as their path losses calculated from the average bit error rate and the received signal strength. The average bit error rate is [12. Justus Ch. It is calculated by [12]. Fricke et al., 2007]. A multihop route consists of 'n' nodes connected by 'n - 1' links. The link stability index of the link "m" between the intermediate node Ni - 1 and Ni is represented as the average bit error rate of the link "m" and the path generated when the RREQ is received at the node "i" It is a loss. Source node

A wireless ad hoc network, also called a wireless mesh network or a mobile ad hoc network (MANET), is a wireless network composed of wireless nodes organized in a mesh topology. Each node forwards messages on behalf of the other nodes, and each node performs routing. The ad hoc network can be "self-healing" and it will be transferred automatically, bypassing the node that was powered off. To implement an ad hoc mobile network, various network layer protocols are required, such as distance series distance vector routing, association based routing, ad hoc on - demand distance vector routing, dynamic source routing.

An important issue in ad hoc network design is the development of routing protocols that provide high quality and efficient communication between two nodes. Routing protocols dedicated to ad hoc networks are required because traditional Internet-based routing protocols can not accommodate these characteristics because the mobility characteristics of networks constantly change the network topology. The design must satisfy the following conditions.

Given that the ad hoc network is constantly moving and the network topology is changing, conventional Internet routing protocols (such as RIP, OSPF) can not accommodate the actual needs of advertising hot networks. For this reason we aim to compare, analyze and evaluate the most common ad hoc network routing protocols by running NS2 simulation tests. Wireless network communication has been developing rapidly in recent years, with the hope of removing restrictions on wired networks and enabling communication anytime and anywhere. Mobile communication can be accomplished via a portable computer equipped with a wireless interface and a PDA. Currently most mobile communications require wired infrastructure such as base stations. To make it possible to communicate without a fixed infrastructure, a new network technology - ad hoc network technology was born