Specific Heat of Solids

Solid Specific Heat I. Objective The purpose of this study was to interpret, measure and better understand the specific heat of copper and lead using a hybrid approach. II. Theoretical fever is a kind of energy expressed in Joule, calories, kcal calories according to the French chemist Pierre Louis Duron and Alexis Tires Petit's law. Specific heat is characterized by the requirement that the temperature of 1 gram of material rises to 1 ° C, which is inversely proportional to its atomic weight, ie the specific heat multiplied by atomic weight is nearly constant.

At the same time, Ransburg and Mandelstam are studying the theory of solid specific heat and Einstein and Debye's publications. They examined the Brillouin scattering of numerous quartz samples. These light sources are mercury arc lamps with filters to reduce the bandwidth of the excitation light. They placed the spectrophotometer 90 degrees from the incident light. The liquid scattering effect is very strong, but the same effect of quartz is very weak and 15 hours exposure time is required. These Russian physicists independently rediscovered the Raman effect of quartz and calcite, and their research was published in 1928.

At the beginning of the 20th century, scientists discovered that liquids and solids heated to high temperatures emit various lights. However, gases heated to similar temperatures emit only at certain specific wavelengths (colors). The reason for this observation was not understood at the time. The discharge tube (shown in Figure 12.5) is a bubbly glass tube with a metal plate at each end. When a sufficiently large voltage difference is applied between the two metal plates, the gas atoms in the tube absorb enough energy to drop off some of their electrons, ie the gas atoms are ionized. These electrons start to move in the gas and generate current. This will cause some of the other atoms to rise to higher energy levels. Then, as the electrons in the atom fall down, they emit electromagnetic radiation (light)

More than heat. The study applied Planck's law to the vibration of atoms and molecules in the solid. We solved the paradox of equal distribution theorem in classical physics of the 19th century and introduced a solid Einstein model which led to the current Debye model. It shows that the law of quantum mechanics E = h ν is not a special law of black body radiation, but general general law of physics. Special Relativity First of all, the total energy of the stationary particles is equal to E = mc 2. Conversion of energy and momentum is derived under the influence of external force (relativistic dynamics). Again, the difficulty of applying Lorentz transformation to a rigid body is noted (see reference 19). Finally it is inferred that Maxwell's equations are proved to be the limits of many photons just as thermodynamics are the limits of statistical mechanics.