Soil Salinization and Its Impact on Plants

The human being and the environment in which we live depend on the soil to raise plants, supply water, and store carbon. Since then, we can deduce that the soil is related to everything around us and plays an important role in maintaining life on the planet. Soil is defined as the surface of the crust. Soil degradation is defined by the environment and heritage. It is a conservation agency that is used because it is bad for agriculture, livestock industry, industry or city use.

Soil salification is the accumulation of free salt, which leads to lower agricultural value of soil and vegetation. Impacts include damage due to corrosion, declining plant growth, erosion from plant covering, loss of soil structure, and water quality problems due to deposition. Saltification occurs by a combination of natural processes and artificial processes. Drought will encourage salinity accumulation. This is particularly conspicuous when the soil base material is salt water. Irrigation in arid areas is particularly problematic. All irrigation water has a certain salinity. Irrigation, especially when it involves leakage of waterways in the field and excessive irrigation, the underground water level usually occurs. Rapid salination takes place when the surface of the land is located at the end of the capillary of saltwater groundwater

Saltwater soil is defined as having a high concentration of soluble salt high enough to affect plant growth. In salt water soil, water is more closely held in the soil, and the presence of salt in the water makes it possible for plants to extract more water by adding more energy from the soil. The important thing is that excess salt in the soil water reduces the water available to the plant and causes plant stress. There are several factors that impede the flow of water from the soil to the roots. One is soil - root contact, soil particles shrink as the roots dry. Therefore, the soil with higher salt concentration has more moisture and the evidence that salinity inhibits plant permeation increases.

Salt water also affects plants by inhibiting plant growth and photosynthetic capacity. All living things need salt and plants absorb moisture through the roots. However, in saline soil, plants absorb too much salt. Since this excess salt can not be removed, plants accumulate deposits in their cells and interfere with various plant processes. The observable effect of saline on plants depends on the salt content of the saline in the soil. Mild to moderate levels of salt in the soil will only hinder plant growth and reduce its yield. When the salt concentration is high, dehydration of plants occurs, and plant leaves show signs of drought and burning even though the leaves are completely supplied (leaves start to yellow, brown, wrinkles on the edges). If the sodium content is high enough, the soil forms a hard and hard skin layer on the surface, your plants will fall and eventually die.