Social Function Hypotheses

Language can be the most basic thing to distinguish many aspects of humans and other animals; it not only communicates thinking, opinion, and emotion but also related to superiority as seed We also give a lot of complex cognitive abilities to us. Rather than attempting to judge how the language works, there is a more fundamental question as to why the language evolves when studying the origins of languages. In order to study this problem, we have to strive to find the original beneficial features of the language that naturally and further adapts it.

If the theory that the language can evolve into a single adaptation is accepted, that question becomes the basis for which of many of its functions will be adapted. Several evolutionary hypotheses have been proposed: it evolved for the purpose of ways of expressing social alteration, mating ability, or it evolved into a way to form a social contract. Evolutionary psychologists are aware that these theories are speculative and require more evidence to understand how languages ​​are selectively adjusted

Normally, but not always, evolutionary psychology starts with the concept of function, which is the first stage of interpretation. These ideas are used to develop assumptions about the computing system that may exist to fulfill these functions. Therefore, assumptions are usually stated at this level. The study of Cosmides and Tooby (1992) is designed so that the computer system detects cheaters and leads to predictions of computations that people expect when they expect such a system. Presence of functionality Potential functional interpretation affects the computing system because some calculations contribute to the execution of arbitrary estimation functions, not other calculations. Therefore, the concept of evolutionary function limits the hypothesis space of evolutionary psychologists.

Functional Analysis systematically tests hypotheses by manipulating events that are thought to be related to the occurrence of problem behavior. Functional analysis is a formal test of the relationship between environmental events and problem behavior. All events suspected of contributing to problematic behavior are presented alone, while controlling the cause of other possible variations. Researchers often use this method because it is the most rigorous way to test functional assumptions of maintaining problem behavior.

In 1977, Edward Carr published a paper on fundamental assumptions about the occurrence and maintenance of self-injurious behavior. This paper builds a preliminary basis for functional analysis of abnormal behaviors. In this paper, Karl describes five potential causes of self injury. (1) Active social reinforcement that depends on reactions, (2) Negative enhancement of negative stimulation form eliminating stimuli, (3) Improvement of stimulation quality caused by reaction (automatic enhancement) (4) Behavior It is a byproduct of the fundamental psychological state. (5) In psychodynamic hypothesis, behavior is an attempt to reduce guilt. Throughout the paper, Carr supported the first three hypotheses and quoted a recent study to refute the latter two hypotheses, but did not do formal experiments to determine the control variables of problem behavior .