Shifting cultivation

It is not only the existence of biodiversity and its important role in traditional society but also the way these societies operate this biodiversity due to the functional attributes of the ecosystem and the completeness of the landscape. For example, in agricultural changes in northeastern India, the number of species of mixed planting system decreased significantly with shortening of agricultural cycle (Ramakrishnan 1992). Farmers will also shift focus from cereals in the 30-year agricultural cycle to more nutritious 5-year tubers and vegetable harvests. Even on the same slope, these crops are highlighted at the top of the slope and inefficient crops are placed primarily at the base, increasing yield and increasing species diversity while avoiding risk. Agricultural farmers in northeastern India, as well as elsewhere, effectively utilize planting and traditional weed management strategies, incorporate large amounts of seeds into space-time and effectively check the loss of nutrients at the planting stage I will. The traditional weed management practice that about 20% of weed biomass is not disturbed in the changing situation of agricultural peasants is a common practice of Mayan agriculture in Mexico and affects the sustainability of agricultural ecosystems ( Altieri and Liebman). 1988)

Traditional society also guarantees the integrity of the landscape level system. The Apatani tribe in northeastern India adapted to soil fertility and water supply gradient and developed a well-designed wet rice planting system associated with traditional management options within the landscape (Ramakrishnan 1992). As evidenced by Tara'n Dayaks in West Kalimantan, Indonesia (Brookfield and Paddock 1994), expanding the land by digging adjacent highlands to irrigable levels is a major concern for population growth and new market opportunities It seems to be a successful response.

Lessons learned from the manipulation of biodiversity in space and time to adapt to various environmental changes such as population pressure, land degradation, biological invasion, climate uncertainty, etc. are areas rich in tropical resources For biodiversity management. Ramakrishnan et al. , 1996). These strategies are used to design restructuring of agricultural ecosystems (Swift et al., 1996).

The relationship between cultivation period and fallow period is important for the stability of the transplant system. These parameters determine whether the entire transplant system suffers net loss of nutrient over time. Unless measures are taken to stop the loss, the system of net loss of nutrients in each cycle will ultimately lead to resource degradation. In some cases, soil may be irreversibly depleted within 10 years (including erosion and reduction of nutrients).

For thousands of years, and to this day indigenous peoples of the Amazon River have traditionally changed their habitat and forest habitat. In the Amazon and other tropical regions of the world, people often find transfer plants. The moving cultivation system is designed to adapt to the soil and climate characteristics of the Amazon basin - low soil fertility, high precipitation and fast leaching nutrition

Transfer planting is a type of agriculture or planting system where a small number of "fields" are planted at any given time, most of which are in different stages of natural regeneration. As time goes on, the fields are cultivated for a relatively short period of time, they can be restored for a relatively long time or become friends. Eventually, previously cultivated fields will be cleared of natural vegetation and planted again in crops. Fields of established and stable crop cultivation systems are cultivated on a regular basis and are falling down. This type of agriculture is called jamming in India.