Scientists Just Discovered Organisms That Are Distinct From Any Life Forms Known to Science

In the tree of life, humans share branches with various creatures. There is one thing that is common to all of them. That's the backbone. This single common feature is enough to combine us with dogs, fish, lizards in a group called a door; this connects the diversity of life to trees and it is repeated throughout the Earth's organism

But now, researchers at the University of Queensland (UQ) in Australia have discovered thousands of organisms that are very unique.

The center of this research is relatively new technology called natural microbiology, metagenomics. In order to generate the metagenomics of the sample, a sequence of all DNA in environmental samples (dirt, water, feces etc.) is done.

From the international database of more than 1,500 metagenomics, the UQ team reconstructed individual genomes of 7,280 new bacteria and 623 new archaebacteria. Approximately one-third of these microorganisms, unlike those previously seen by scientists, are creating 17 new bacterial gates and 3 new cell gates.

"The true value of these genomes is that many genomes evolutionarily differ from previously restored genomes," lead researcher Gene Tyson asserts. "They increase the evolutionary diversity of bacterial and archaeal genomic trees by more than 30% and are the first of 17 bacteria and 3 archaea."

It is well known that microorganisms are difficult to study. As scientists can only successfully cultivate 1-2% known bacteria and archaea in the laboratory, analyzing their natural conditions with metagenomics may be the only way to study the remaining bacteria Hmm.

Currently antibiotic resistance is an unprecedented worldwide problem. Microorganisms have found a way to adapt to the antibiotics currently used to treat health problems that cause up to 23,000 deaths each year in the United States.

As new forms of antibiotics are found mostly exclusively in bacteria and fungi, the species discovered by the researchers at the University of Queensland eventually can develop into better antibiotics effective against these "superbugs" I will.

Past research also reveals the unique industrial and environmental applications of microorganisms. They are used for the production of agricultural fertilizers, and some people produce ethanol contained in dyes, detergents and other products. British scientists believe that newly evolved marine microorganisms may eat a large part of the plastic currently contaminating our waters, but the bacteria surviving on the carbon fight climate change I can point out that I can help.

In addition to the many potential uses of these newly discovered creatures, their discovery is exciting as it teaches the world we share.

When the researcher Donovan Parks of the University of Queensland told the "new scientists", our last common ancestor is that when methane metabolism occurs, when the oxygen producing organism evolved, more profit from the genome There are more detailed trees to get. "

Using a DNA barcode, an international scientist team has recently discovered that a unique butterfly seed is actually a woman of a different species, scientifically known for more than a century. This species represents the extreme sexual duality common in butterflies. In addition, this research shows that DNA barcodes can be an effective tool for identifying butterfly species. Classification is a rigorous science, but taxonomy is not a rigorous science because of various evolutionary issues. Example: gender dimorphism. In this case, male and female of the same kind seem to be different from each other. These differences can be extended to various visible functions, from differences in color and color patterns to physical structure and size change.

If you are a scientist who wants to name a newly discovered life form, your first step is to collect two or three lines of evidence from DNA and morphology. . Then you have to acquire holographic or species individuals as identifiers for future researchers. Next we explain the findings and create a paper naming them according to classification naming conventions. Finally, you send the paper to science journal for publication. If you first publish, the name you choose will be glued to the classification record. However, the final step, publishing, is not easy. Or at least not. In theory, the evidence you submit should follow advanced scientific and ethical standards of peer review. Publication takes months or years