Scientific Observation

Observation includes receiving scientific knowledge through senses, or using scientific tools and tools to record information. All the data recorded during the experiment can be called observation

Scientific processes or scientific methods should observe, hypothesize and test nature. It consists of the following four steps

Test your prediction by controlled, natural, observational, or field experiments

You and your friends have observed that white cats, black cats, and black cats are playing together.

After assumptions are formed and predicted, it is time to test them by experiments.

About a week later, it turned out that the cat was playing without any color. You can see that the white cat is black and vice versa

It is important to remember that even if the hypothesis proved to be wrong it does not mean that our experiment failed. Many discoveries have been made through trial and error

The important thing to note is that people's emotions are susceptible to perceptual errors that may lead to erroneous scientific observation such as illusion. That is why scientific instruments for improving human observation abilities, such as microscopes, cameras, telescopes, scales, computers, oscilloscopes, radio receivers, etc., have been developed.

Scientific observation is the driving force for promoting scientific discovery and scientific theory. By theory, scientists can systematically understand initial observations, then predict and create future observations. Scientific theory has common features that distinguish them from non-scientific ideas such as beliefs and pseudoscience. Scientific theory must be consistent, minimalistic, correctable, empirically verifiable, verifiable, useful and gradual. Scientists did not use the word "theory" like words. In most cases, the theory is a vague and vague concept of how things work, that is, a theory with low possibility of reality. This is the origin of complaints. In other words, scientific things are "mere theory" and can not be trusted.

It improves scientific knowledge through a process called scientific method. Basically, thinking (in the form of theory and hypothesis) has been tested (in the form of empirical observations) against the real world, and their empirical observation makes more ideas for testing in the real world be connected. In this sense, the scientific process is cyclical. The type of intra-loop reasoning is called inference and induction. In deductive reasoning, thinking is tested against the empirical world, and in inductive reasoning empirical observation brings new ideas (). These processes are indivisible like inhalation and exhalation, but different research methods focus on deductive and inductive aspects.

Let's return to junior high school for a while when we all know scientific methods. In short, scientific methods highlight experiments, discoveries, and inductive reasoning. We first observe through experiments and combine the results of these experiments with existing facts. Through these observations and experiments we can make wise assumptions about how the natural world works. Next, we examine these hypotheses through other experiments to see how accurate they are, and whether they can enter the theoretical, legal and fact realm. If the observation does not support the hypothesis, discard it and explore other things the result may support. In general, you are looking for a new solution by understanding existing solutions.