Rutherford's discovery of the nucleus and the planetary model of the atom. Role of gold foil experiment in refining the atomic model.

Rutherford discovered atomic models of nuclei and planets. The role of gold leaf experiment in refinement of atomic models

The famous gold leaf experiment of Ernest Rutherford in 1909 proved that atoms are composed of charged nuclei surrounded by electrons. He published his work in 1911 and explained about his so-called atomic Rutherford model. Although electrons have been explained before this experiment, Rutherford initially explained the existence of small charged nuclei. After the discovery of Rutherford scientists began to notice that the atoms eventually consisted of smaller particles rather than single particles. Subsequent studies identified the exact atomic structure leading to the Rutherford gold lehr experiment. Scientists have finally discovered that the center of the atom has a positively charged nucleus (accurate number of atoms) with a radius of about 2 × 10 -15 m × ⅓. I found that the electrons are even smaller

Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in 1911 in his well-known gilt experiment, where he proved that atoms have small and heavy nuclei. Rutherford designed an experiment that uses alpha particles released by radioactive elements as a world in which the atomic structure is not visible. If Thomson is right, the beam passes directly through the gilt. Most rays pass through the metal foil, but some are reflected. Rutherford announced his physical model of atomic structure as an explanation of the results of unexpected experiments. Among them, atoms consist of a central charge (probably) surrounded by a group of orbital electrons (which is a modern nucleus, but Rutherford did not use the term "nuclear" in his thesis) . In this 19th paper, Rutherford promised only the central region with very high positive or negative charge in the atom.

Rutherford atomic model, also known as atomic or atomic planetary model, was described by the atomic structure of New Zealand - born physicist Ernest Rutherford (1911). In this model, atoms are described as small, dense, positively charged cores called nuclei. Almost all the masses are concentrated in it. Like a planet turning around the sun. Like a series of experiments conducted by undergraduate Ernest Mazden in 1909 under the guidance of Rutherford and German physicist Hans Geiger, the nucleus was small to explain the scattering of alpha particles in thin gold leaf Please assume it is dense. As observed. This source can emit alpha particles (ie particles with the same mass as the ruthenium nucleus and positively charged 7000 times larger than electrons) and are enclosed in protective lead shields.