Robert Gagné's Instructional Design Approach

Introduction to Robert Gagné's teaching design method When Robert Gagné first released an influential book "Learning Conditions" (Gagné, 1965), his educational design theory was deeply rooted in the behavioral psychology paradigm. However, in the later "learning conditions" (Gagné, 1970, 1977, 1985), the theory of Gagné evolved into the cognitive psychology theory, especially the cognitive information processing model. According to Gagné, "This model assumes many internal processes and is subject to various external events.

Education methods of teaching materials continued to evolve from the 1950's to the 1960's, the "educational design model" invented by Robert Gagne in 1965, also known as "nine educational events", is a framework of e-learning Connie Malamed , Explained that the basic purpose of instruction design is "to identify the gap between target reader's skills, knowledge and attitudes and to create, select and propose learning experiences that fill this gap". Christopher Pappas complements the scope and purpose of this definition and explains this in more detail.

Since the early 1960's, Robert Gagné's work is the foundation of educational design when he studied and developed military training materials. Gagné is the first person to call "educational design" "educational design" and they developed some of the early educational design models and ideas. These models provide the basis for the latest educational design model of Dick, Carey, and Carey (Dick and Carey Systems Approach Model), Educational Design Model of Jerold Kemp, and David Merrill (First Principle of Merrill). Each of these models consists of a series of cores (1) activation of previous experience, (2) demonstration of skills, (3) application of skills, (4) integration of these skills into real activities It is based on the learning phase. The following figure shows these five ideas.

Prior to Robert Gagné, learning was often considered a unified process. There is little difference between "learning to accumulate rifles and learning to solve complicated mathematical problems". Gagné provides a different perspective that suggests different learners who need different learning strategies. Understanding and designing education based on a personally defined learning approach brings new theory and method of education. Gagne's understanding and human learning theory made an important contribution to understanding the different stages of cognitive processing and education. For example, Gagné believes that educational designers must understand the features and functions of short-term and long-term memory to promote meaningful learning. This idea encourages educational designers to use cognitive needs as a top-down approach to education.