Rises and Declines of the Byszantium and Islamis Kingdoms

After the collapse of the Roman Empire, the world fell into confusion and uncertainty. However, from this chaotic era, post-classical civilization may emerge in Europe and the Middle East. Two of the post classical civilizations are Byzantine and Islamic kingdoms. Both have experienced this post-classic development, but there are many obvious differences between that ascent and descent. Byzantine empire and Islamic caliphs have similarities in economic, artistic and intellectual development, and their religious beliefs were different at the same time.

In the northeastern part, the Kingdom of Egypt is now disappearing under the glory of the stage of the "New Kingdom". But that ancient civilization will maintain its power for hundreds of years. The rise of the Greek civilization is influenced by that spell and its art and architecture are greatly influenced by the Egyptian model. Nubia maintains the cultural and political status of Egypt. In other parts of sub-Saharan Africa, cattle and agriculture gradually spread throughout the western and central Africa and may now have reached the Great Lakes Region. In addition, some people in West Africa living at the edge of the tropical rainforests are struggling to transition to tropical forest agriculture by this day. This type of agriculture is based on a series of crops completely different from prairie agriculture and plant fruits and roots such as psyllium and yam, as staple food.

As one's strength decreases, the other's power rises. The decline of the Kingdom of Kush provides the opportunity for Akum to dominate the important trade center of red and the Arabian Sea, it manages the trade between Rome and India. Aksum was a modern Ethiopian kingdom that began to expand to the empire in the 1st century AD, conquered several areas that once belonged to Cushu. In the year 350 AD, Aksum officially conquered the Kingdom of Kush and incorporated it into the empire including Saudi Arabia.

Like the first two periods known as the kingdom, the new kingdom will fade as the central authorities weaken and the regional strength becomes stronger. Pharaoh's power also was weakened by the influence of the Amon high priest of Thebes, even though their dominance did not cover all of Egypt due to local nomads. (Regional Rulers) Technically, Pharaoh is a senior pastor and appoints a representative (usually the blood of the royal family) to take action for them. But during the second interim period the power of the nominated pastor continued to increase in the new kingdom and by the end of the 20 th century he actually ruleed Egypt. In the 18th century, Thutmose tried to limit the role of the high priest to religious affairs and appointed an amateur.