Rhinovirus - The Common Cold

Rhinovirus - Introduction of the cold: Rhinovirus, as indicated above, is best known for colds. It is a member of the Picornaviridae family and has higher toxicity like polio and hepatitis A virus. The family of viruses is characterized by small (20-30 nm genome) positive RNA viruses consisting of genomic segments and non-enveloped capsids. Unlike its more deadly relatives, Rhinovirus is designed to attack the host many times during its lifetime. It is the perfect pathogen.

Prognosis of rhinovirus infection is very good. The most common symptom of rhinovirus infection is the cold. For adolescents and adults, complete recovery is usually observed within 7 days, and for children the complete recovery is usually observed within 10 to 14 days. Occasionally your child's cough and congestion will last for 2-3 weeks. Although rarely related to fatal diseases, rhinoviruses are associated with significant morbidity. It is estimated that acute RTI (primarily rhinovirus infection) causes 30 to 50% of adult unemployment rate and 60 to 80% of non-academic children. Severe respiratory diseases such as bronchiolitis, acute asthmatic attack, pneumonia, etc. may occur especially in infants and young children. Premature infants also have a high risk of severe rhinovirus infection

In temperate climates, common colds are the most common between September and April. Throughout the year rhinovirus infection results in the first increase in the incidence of cold in autumn (this causes up to 80% of the cold during this period) and the second peak at the end of spring. The cold that occurs between October and March is caused by the constant appearance of multiple viruses (see the figure below). Adenovirus infection occurs at a constant rate throughout the season

Rhinovirus was first isolated 50 years ago from those with cold symptoms. Subsequent studies have clarified the epidemiological and clinical significance of these infections. Rhinovirus infection occurs all year round, and the seasonal peak reappears from the beginning of autumn (usually September to November) and from March to May. Up to 80% of common cold diseases may be associated with documented rhinovirus infections during these increased prevalence periods. The characteristic clinical syndrome associated with rhinovirus infection is the common cold, and rhinovirus causes at least 50% of these diseases. A common cold has little direct medical influence, but it is related to society's great cost in the form of missing school, workplace, and unnecessary medical care. However, the medical effect of rhinovirus infection is not limited to cold