Refraction of Light

The purpose of light refraction: When light enters the plexiglass from the air, the relationship between the incident angle and the refraction angle can be found by taking a series of readings of the angle of incidence and refraction. Introduction: Refraction bends when waves enter the medium at different speeds. When light is transferred from a fast medium to a slow medium, the refraction of the light bends the light toward the normal of the boundary between the two media.

Due to refraction, we see that the object "breaks" at the boundary between different density media. Because light travels at different speeds in different media, the light bends and refracts. As long as the light does not cross just 90 °, the direction of travel will change and the light will "bend". The relationship between the angle of incidence and velocity in the first medium and the angle of refraction in the second medium and the speed of refracted light is given by Snell's law. = Refractive angle, and n 2 is the refractive index of the second medium.

Optical prism and lens redirect light using refraction like human eye. Since the refractive index of the material changes with the wavelength of the light, the angle of refraction changes accordingly. This is called dispersion, and separates white light into its spectral color by prism and rainbow. As shown in the figure, suppose that the wave from one material to another is slow. When it reaches the interface between materials at an angle, one side of the wave first reaches the second material and therefore decelerates faster. When one side of the wave slows down, the whole wave rotates towards that side. That's why waves bend from the surface or bend in the normal direction when entering the slow material. In the opposite case of material with fast wave arrival speed, one side of the wave will accelerate and the wave will rotate from that side.