Reducing Emissions with Biomass for Energy Production

Introduction The Climate Change Committee combines biomass production for carbon production and carbon capture and storage (CCS) as an important future technology for the UK to meet the commitment to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Climate Change Committee, 2011). This technology is considered to be an important development in the future as it is assumed that biomass raw materials are produced with low energy input and provide energy for minus emission of greenhouse gases.

Biomass energy is a carbon neutral cycle, but it includes the release of other gases that may be harmful to the environment. The production of biomass energy leads to the release of nitrous oxide and methane gas and can not be reabsorbed by re-planting the biological material (like wood) used to produce biomass energy. This results in the storage of atmospheric greenhouse gases during the production of biomass energy. Another disadvantage of biomass energy is that the nature and characteristics of biomass depend on the geography of the land. This limits the types of biomass that developers can use in specific fields. For example, because there are no trees, wood can not be used as biomass in desert dry areas, but in the northeastern United States there are many trees used for biomass production. (Peter Kay, 2011)

Biomass is recognized as a renewable resource for energy production and is supplied in large quantities all over the world. Due to increasing environmental factors and worldwide energy demand, biomass utilization in mainstream energy use has received a great deal of attention. Essentially complicated, biomass contains small amounts of sulfur, nitrogen and ash. Therefore, biofuel combustion has less harmful emissions of gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO 2) and soot than conventional fossil fuels. Furthermore, carbon dioxide released by bio-oil combustion can be recycled to plants through photosynthesis, so combustion of biomass fuel can produce zero or negative carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions.

The heat generated by the conversion of biomass products to energy is called the combustion process. This is the simplest biomass energy process (Painter, 2013). Co-combustion process; In the co-combustion process, approximately 15% to 20% of coal is replaced by biomass, which is consumed in the plant. Reduce operating costs and gas emissions. Switch glasses are usually used in this process. This process is even inadequate. Thermal conversion; In the process of thermal conversion heat is used to extract energy using various chemical reactions with oxygen to convert heat into various chemicals.