Recovery of the Peregrine Bird Population from DDT Poisoning

Peregrine is the world's fastest bird; it jumps into a small bird from a high cliff that can reach over 200 miles (1). It looks for a high place of prey and when a birdlike bird takes off it strikes the earth and kills it with sharp pointed nails. The characteristic of Peregrine is its large size, with its pointed feathers and dark white cheeks (11). Women have a wingspan of about 4 feet and usually weigh more than 2 pounds, but small men usually weigh only 1 pound (11).

In the late 1960s, researchers recognized the relationship between DDT contamination and the eggshell thickness of DDT and other breeding birds. The chemical structure of DDT is similar to that of female reproductive hormone called estrogen which mediates eggshell formation process. In some birds, DDT interferes with the activity of estrogen and results in abnormally thin eggshells which are easily broken under the weight of the hatching parents. Organic chlorine is related to birds of prey such as birds of prey, vulture, osprey and thin egg shell such as brown pelicans and double crown crickets (Anderson and Hickey, 1972). The strongest evidence is an important factor promoting extinction of the endangered species Peregrine, Bull Tree Eagle and Brown Trout, respectively, as organic chlorine has recovered since the ban on use of DDT in the US and Europe in 1972 . .

In birds, exposure to DDT occurs mainly through the food chain and direct exposure to eggs and birds is sometimes observed. In the 1950s, the first evidence of DDT toxicity was observed in mammals eating vultures, robin, Osprey, cricket, hawk and other fish. In birds, DDT and DDE reduce the Ca-dependent ATPase activity of the crustacea of ​​birds, resulting in thinning of the shell and increased damage of eggs during hatching (Turusov et al., 2002). Many organochlorine compounds and pesticides are broken down by microorganisms. Microorganisms have enzyme systems that degrade organochlorine pesticides such as dehydrochlorination, isomerization, and oxidation. The microbial degradation of DDT can be observed by two methods, aerobic decomposition and anaerobic decomposition. Many studies have reported bacteria such as Serratia marcescens, Alcaligenes A5, Lactobacillus plantarum, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas and others. Degradation of DDT by aerobic decomposition