Public Management Reform

We have completely revised the fourth edition of the most prestigious, comprehensive, widely cited Public Management Academic Papers.

The epidemic of public management reform spread to the majority of the world of OECD. However, one of the problems of concern is that public management reforms may be suitable for developed countries, but is it still applicable to developing countries? Several management methods that started in Western countries may not be applicable to different environments due to the limitations of developing countries. One reason for this change was the economic and financial pressure of the government, particularly in the developing countries of Africa and Asia in the 1970s and 1980s. These pressures are caused by the huge deficit in the public sector, as well as imbalances and increasing debt, mainly in foreign trade in developing countries.

Public institution performance, criticism and poor financial management are not satisfactory and are catalysts for public management reforms in many developing countries. One of the early reforms was the development of the structural adjustment plan (SAP) in the 1980s (World Bank, 1991). The main goals of the SAP program are reducing fiscal deficits, reducing government intervention in the economy, and improving sustainability through private sector initiatives. These goals will be achieved through a smaller bureaucracy and an improved allocation of public resources. The Structural Adjustment Loan Program implemented by developers, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) provides financial and development assistance to developing countries, subject to civil service reform, free market policy and better public service management It is.

Since the 1980s, developed countries and developing countries have worked hard to promote and improve the management reforms of the public sector. The process of promoting and improving the public sector may promote the development of these countries. But the World Bank and other African donors are seeking different ways to manage public services by creating and improving the market and competition in the public sector. The mission behind this reform is to increase efficiency, increase worker participation in the public sector, and improve economic accountability (ECA 2003).