Pros and Cons of the Different Types of Power Plants: Hydroelectric, Thermal and Nuclear Power Plants

Sustainable energy is the most important theme in both developed and developing countries. There are various ways to produce and consume energy. Generating electricity using cheap, rich and clean energy is the basic idea of ​​production. Electric energy is supplied from various types of power plants. These power plants can be divided into three groups; hydropower plants, thermal power plants and nuclear power plants. Hydropower plants utilize the potential energy of water.

Most of the world's electricity comes from thermal power plants or hydropower plants. The thermal power plant uses fuel to boil the steam. Steam turbine generating electricity. The hydraulic power plant runs a turbine by flowing a large amount of water from a dam or a waterfall. Most thermal power plants burn fossil fuels because thermal power stations are cheaper to maintain than nuclear power plants and do not need to meet the government's requirements. Fossil fuels are coal and oil. A disadvantage of using fossil fuels is that they are limited. Fossil fuels have evolved from the remains of dead animals and plants millions of years ago. Burning fossil fuels has other problems as well. All the combustion required to rotate the turbine will release large amounts of sulfur, nitrogen and other contaminants into the atmosphere.

As in the case of thermal power plants (based on fossil fuels), nuclear power plants need some equipment to dissipate heat as part of their condenser system. The heat depends on the various components used in the plant, but an average of about 60 to 70% of the heat from the nuclear fuel is removed from the plant. Some plants use large amounts of water like natural water bodies like artificial lakes and lakes and rivers, but some plants use cooling towers. It also has an adverse effect on aquatic organisms in the ecosystem where heat is eliminated. In some cases, the heat released into the water area may cause fluctuations in river flow rate and sea level abnormality. According to a special survey, the sea level on the northeast coast of the United States is rising by an average of about 3 mm / year.