Prenatal Substance Abuse

Substance abuse during pregnancy can adversely affect the health and well-being of the fetus and mother. The adverse effects of drugs, alcohol and illegal drugs on the fetus will be devastating and there is a possibility that it will have a big influence on its use. Sometimes you can treat it in the face of the effect, sometimes the result is a lifelong challenge. In prenatal time, it is important that new mothers understand different kinds of abuse, the way they affect the fetus, and the bad conditions that the child may face before and after birth.

Abstract Prenatal drug abuse continues to be a major problem of the country, bringing a serious health risk to the developing fetus. Primary care pediatricians' role in dealing with prenatal substance exposure includes prevention, identification of exposure, identification of medical problems in exposed newborns, protection of infants, and follow-up of exposed infants . This report provides information on the most common medications for prenatal exposure: nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, opioids, cocaine and methamphetamine. Pediatrics 2013; 131: e1009 - e1024

Maternal drug abuse is the cause of prenatal NAS and is the main preventable cause of mental, physical and psychological problems of infants and children. In addition to the mother's legal, health and economic impacts, substances used by pregnant women may have medical and developmental effects on newborn infants. Substance abuse during pregnancy and neonatal psychomotor behavior are consistent with opioid withdrawal and multiple drug withdrawal and are currently an important clinical and social problem. Between 2012 and 2013, an average of 5.4% of pregnant women aged 15 to 44 uses illegal drugs, the highest among women aged 15 to 17 (14.6%), then 18 to 25 (8.6%) and women aged 26 to 44 continue. (3.2%) From 2000 to 2009, NAS diagnosis rates for newborn infants in the United States increased nearly threefold each year.

Criminal behavior, and drug abuse. Kelly et al. [212] published a detailed review of the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on social behavior. Infants who received prenatal exposure to opioids paid insufficient attention and attention and children above 214 years showed memory and perceptual problems. Unless combined with other risk factors, it is unrelated to cocaine exposure 219-221 However, in the longitudinal model reported by caregivers of 3, 5 and 7 years old prenatal cocaine exposure indicates that child behavior Although there are teachers' reports on prenatal exposure to the problem, 223, the findings are not consistent, but some findings contradict. It is affected by other risks. 244