Post-Colonial Era of Nigerian History

In colonial times and colonial post-era, identity is an important aspect of the political process in Nigeria. Ethnicity is a social phenomenon related to the interaction between individuals of different ethnic groups in the political system where language and culture are the most prominent attributes. Race and religious beliefs are the most basic and politically distinctive features of Nigerians. In Nigeria, the political control structure is formed based on race and religious beliefs through a customized sponsorship system. These identities are responsible for domestic conflicts and divisions. Since the recovery of democratic rule, ethnic identity and mobilization in the political landscape of Nigeria has often resulted in political instability and constant confrontation. Since 1999, several riots and the associated confusion have been reported, killing thousands of people and destroying their wealth.

Historically, identity has played an important role in the political process of Nigeria during colonial and colonial times. During the colonial period, administrators allowed the emergence and deterioration of "we" and "their" syndromes, Muslims and Christians, northern people against the southern people, Haussaflani, Yoruba and warts etc. Etc. (Adefemi 2003: 14; Okpanachi 2010). In this era, religious and ethnic differences are an important element in the formulation and implementation of socio-economic strategies and applications. Therefore, the consequences of colonialism differentiation have pioneered socio-economic imbalances between different regions, and it is an important factor in stimulating identity awareness and therefore effectively "divide and dominate" . . The same can be said in many other countries.

The history of Nigeria is described by three main eras, the former colonies, the colonies, after the colony or after independence. The period before colonies can be traced back to the beginning of civilization in the Savannah region of West Africa. As the group develops and expands, some people move to the forest and southern coastal regions while others stay in the savanna and the sahel. The main civilization began to appear in the 10th century. Some of the important empires of Nigeria are originally two different civilizations and include the people of Kanem Borno which merged in the 13th century. They controlled the major east and west routes within the cross Sarahan trade network. Yoruba civilization appeared and integrated as early as the 11th century. The Yoruba Empire first used Ife as its spiritual capital, but by the 17th century the power of Oyo changed.