Phytoremediation: Insuring Safe Selenium Levels

Phytoremediation: Selenium level for securing safe selenium is a natural element present in the soil. It becomes a problem when irrigation practices leach it out of the soil of the western state. Selenium accumulates in the river and accumulates until it reaches the toxicity level. High concentrations of selenium have a serious impact on the downstream environment and agriculture. However, by using phytoremediation, the possibility of a safe selenium level was not so close. Selenium is an essential trace element of the periodic table and exists naturally in the environment.

Efforts have been made to improve siren's phytoremediation Selenium is toxic at high concentrations because it replaces sulfur in proteins. Different strategies are used to enhance metal phytoremediation. In one study, mammalian selenocysteine ​​lyase was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana and instructed selenium not to interfere with protein synthesis (Pilon et al., 2003). The strategy is to break selenocysteine ​​and release free selenium, as the toxicity of selenium is believed to be due to the incorporation of selenocysteine ​​into the protein. Cytoplasmic transgenic plants

The formation of an inert metal-protein complex plays an important role in the detoxification of cadmium, zinc, copper and mercury. Selenium can reduce the toxicity of arsenic, cadmium, mercury in a similar way. Therefore, high selenium levels in the environment can prevent the toxicity of these metals. If an organism absorbs more metal than it absorbs, the metal will accumulate. Heavy metals tend to accumulate in storage compartments. For example, cadmium preferentially accumulates in the kidneys, mercury accumulates in the liver, and is contained in bone. Accumulation can persist throughout the life of an organism and is the main cause of chronic toxicity. Metals accumulate in protein tissue and bone rather than fat than organic pollutants

The most common form of downstream contamination is heavy metal selenium, a common element related to coal seams. Although selenium is a small quantity of essential nutrients, it bioaccumulates in the tissues and causes health and breeding problems in wildlife and humans at sufficiently high concentrations. In 2003, the Environmental Impact Assessment of the US Environmental Protection Agency discovered that the selenium downstream of the valley burst increased markedly. The Mud River flowing through the Hobet 21 site is famous for its high selenium level. Biologist A. Dennis Lemly, a biologist specializing in selenium pollution at the US Forest Department, found a very high selenium level in the Upper Mud River reservoir 10 miles downstream of the Caudill family and recorded blue herring larvae. Malformations In 2007, the state announced an advisory report asking people to restrict the fishery from the reservoir.