Philosophy of Ethics

The word "moral" comes from Greek ethikas meaning letters. Today, we use ethics to describe normative criteria of behavior. The history of philosophical ethics can be divided into five rational methods: virtue, tradition, modernity, and postmodern ethics. At these times, moral philosophy changed with changes in society. The first rational way is virtue ethics. The main philosophers during this period were Plato, Aristotle, Epicuras and Plutak.

Meta ethics is the most difficult and least practical field of ethical philosophy. This is a study of morality itself. In meta ethics, what is important is not "moral" but "moral". It discusses the use of language in morality, granting of moral authority, and whether morals really exist. Philosophers recognize that the structure of the sentences describing the moral character is basically the same as the structure describing the physical features. I hear that "violence is wrong" and "banana is yellow." Cognitiveism tells us that sentences look alike as their sentences are similar; they all express clear understanding of reality. Morality exists, we can explain them in words (the expressed opinion may be wrong - violence may be acceptable and bananas may be purple ). Non-cognitiveists say that descriptive moral descriptions do not describe true moral features because there is no morality.

In the field of morality, or moral philosophy, research can systematically describe the theory of what causes correct behavior or wrong behavior. Moral philosophy is usually divided into three categories: meta ethics, applied ethics, normative ethics. Meta-ethics studies our moral value, where language and principles derive; it focuses on "moral?" Rather than "moral". And provide a practical solution to ethical problems. Normology ethics studies ethical standards that affect correctness and tort. The theory of normative ethics includes utilitarianism, consequentialism, contractileism, virtue ethics, and so on.

Ethics is usually distinguished in three different ways: philosophy, meta ethics, normative ethics, writing ethics. Meta-ethics seeks to understand the essence of morality, moral judgment, and moral terms such as "good", "bad", "responsible". Normative ethics strives to answer ethical questions, such as taking correct actions and what direction to take in specific circumstances. Descriptive ethics studies how individual moral perspectives and beliefs reflect their behavior and attitudes (Bowles, 2006). Superior social workers need to be aware of the social and occupational values ​​behind their work in order to empower individuals, families, and communities. Repression practices and values ​​are reflected in the BASW Code of Ethics (BASW, 2012).