Phantom Limb Phenomenon: The Effects of Unattributed Causality

Over the centuries, limb amputees have reported long-term existence and felt limb amputation after removal of the limbs. This phenomenon transcended the so - called phantom limb phenomenon, which is thought to be a natural result of cutting (Hill, 1999). The most common reports are cutting of the arms and legs, but it has been reported that experiences after cutting in other areas (breast, penis, eye, teeth, bladder etc.) are recorded, 2008) .

An interesting phenomenon including cortical map plasticity is a phenomenon of phantom limb sensation. Those who cut the arms, arms and legs will feel phantom limbs, but they are not limited to limbs. Although the neurological basis of phantom limb sensation is not fully understood yet, it is believed that cortical recombination plays an important role. In accordance with Michael Merzenich 's leadership, Norman Doidge divides the neuroplasticity performance into adaptive things with positive or negative behavioral outcomes. For example, if an organism is able to return to a normal ability level after a stroke, this adaptability can be regarded as an example of "aggressive plasticity". It is considered an example of "negative" plasticity that excessive levels of neurons result in the release of excessive neurotransmitters to address paralysis or tonic paralysis, or damage that can lead to nerve cell death.

In the phantom limb phenomenon, one continues to feel pain and sensation in the body part of the cut limb. This condition is common and happens to 60 to 80% cutter. The explanation on this is based on the concept of neuroplasticity since it is believed that the cortical map of the removed limb has been added to the peripheral area of ​​the central rear. This causes the activity of the cortical area to be misunderstood by the cortical area that was previously involved in the cutting.