Perspective on Childhood as a Social Construct: Historically and Today

In our society, everyone has experienced a childhood. Through their experienced experiences, it is to become part of a society that works with children or cherishes the childhood. Childhood is seen as a natural and inevitable stage and must go through this stage before reaching adulthood (it can be defined as "biological incapacity" of "child") (Wyness, 2012 pg. 9). James, Jencks and Prout (1998) argues that childhood is characterized by cultural value. Among them, the childhood of the West is the period of social dependence, asexuality and happiness, and the child has the right to protect. Training rather than social or personal authentication

Childhood history as a social component was the starting point and focus of a new analysis of children's historical and cultural identity (Aries, 1962; Heywood, 2001; James & James, 2004). Aries (1962) stimulated discussion and interest in childhood history by advocating the concept of virginity in Europe from the 15th to the 18th century. Before this historical era, there was no childhood idea - the child was considered a miniature adult. Aries (1962) argued that slowly removing children from everyday activities through organized school education led to the discovery that the "childhood" became the preparatory stage for adulthood (James & Prout, 1997 ). These historical markers constitute the development of professional and academic research in the field of children's study, and ultimately the 20th century is defined as the "child's century."

Sociological Approach to "Childhood" of "Looking and Listening": Impact on the Welfare of Blacks' Children, Agents and Children Mekada Graham University, Oklahoma

Based on childhood as a concept of social construction, this paper is theoretically aimed at proposing and exploring these ideas and arguments provided by the central theory within the research paradigm of children and children over the years There. Using the literature review method, this article highlights that the childhood is structured socially. It differs from the context based on differences in society, society, context, and culture and beliefs. Even in the same society, it depends on other social factors such as gender and social class, when you are a child. Not all societies in the world have the same early childhood concept, which proves that childhood is not universal or natural. When exploring childhood as a social constituent, people tried to clarify the central concept of social research in children and children. Therefore, this article starts with the basic idea of ​​childhood research.

New childhood sociology tells us that the concept of childhood should be seen as a social construct reflecting the history, culture, values, and power structure of a particular society in which it occurs I will. In today's society, the idea of ​​childhood and the image of a child are formulated by "developers" and "structuralists" who claim to treat children as passive objects or "human life" I explain. "Not human" (Qvortrup et al., 1994: 4) makes society blind children's true power and evaluates them as true voices. Universality may not be as severe in the sociology and science of the theory itself, but this controversy happens in all systems, including science, and can only be resolved within the system itself.