Patient With Hypertension

Diagnosis of hypertension is over 140/90 blood pressure, it sounds like a simple diagnosis, but hypertension is a very serious disease. Hypertension is also known as a silent killer due to its limited quiet symptoms, but it is a fatal result that damaging your arteries is a high risk of heart disease or stroke. According to CDC (2010), heart disease is the biggest cause of death in the United States, stroke is the fourth cause. High blood pressure may cause damage to the kidney after a while, which may lead to renal failure and requires kidney transplantation or dialysis.

Hypertension can be divided into essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. There is no clear cause of essential hypertension. Primary hypertension is a genetic factor, fetal factor (low birth weight), environmental factors (obesity, sodium intake, alcohol intake, stress ), Body fluids, insulin resistance. Malignant hypertension or accelerated hypertension occurs when blood pressure rises abruptly and is thought to indicate severe hypertension (diastolic blood pressure> 120 mmHg). Necrotizing arterial disease, papillary edema, brain symptoms, progressive renal failure and retinopathy are some of the features of malignant hypertension

Hypertension is classified as primary hypertension or secondary hypertension. The cause of essential hypertension affecting 90 to 95% of hypertensive patients is not completely understood. This is due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic causes. Secondary hypertension (affecting 5-10% of patients with hypertension) is defined as hypertension due to identifiable causes such as kidney disease or the use of oral contraceptives. Blood volume is the total amount of blood in the body. There is a relationship between increase in salt intake and increase in blood volume. Your kidneys filter blood and remove excess moisture by urination, but increasing the intake of salt increases the amount of sodium in the blood and reduces the ability to remove the kidney's moisture. This leads to extra moisture and higher blood pressure