Original article Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A 2015 global perspective of the Magellan Society

The Magellan Institute is composed of sports surgeons who received over 150 graduate school education from the four continents. These surgeons have received travel scholarships on behalf of sports organizations in their respective areas and are considered as opinion leaders of their respective organizations. Before the Magellan meeting in Japan in 2014, a survey was conducted to understand how Magellan 's members reconstructed the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). This research aims to better understand how sports surgeons around the world reconstruct ACLs and judge differences in surgery

An investigation took place before the Magellan meeting in Japan. Information on preferred ACL grafts for primary surgery and corrective surgery, preferred surgical procedures, and methods of fixing the femoral and tibial implants are collected. The incidence of meniscal tears and damage management during ACL surgery was also studied. In this article, we will explain the results of this survey.

The response rate of this survey was 51% (72 people). Hamstring autograft (58%) is the preferred graft for primary ACL reconstruction. The most common autograft to be used next was autografts on the epiphyseal humerus (28%). Allogeneic transplants are grafts selected by only 4% of respondents. The hometown of the surgeon and the age of the surgeon are factors in selecting the ACL graft. 75% of surgeons performed only one shot ACL reconstruction, 22% performed single and dual beam ACL reconstruction techniques, and 3% were specializing in dual beam ACL reconstruction. 62% of respondents used the forward inner approach to pierce the femoral tunnel. On average, 25% of ACL reconstruction was done in meniscal repair

According to the survey, an anatomical single bundle ACL reconstruction with fascia transport and meniscus retention is a preferred ACL reconstruction technique for many graduate training sports surgeons.

Surgical treatment of the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee joint has been performed from pre-repair with living tissue graft to extra-capsular enlargement and reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament. In the past few decades, the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been improved with knowledge gained from basic science and clinical research. The biology and biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were analyzed in the first part of this article. The second part explains the current operational concepts of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and clinical relevance. The latest information on the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is aimed to demonstrate the correlation between application of basic scientific knowledge and improvement of clinical outcome.

Part 2 of the current tendency of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction Surgical treatment and clinical significance

As more attention is paid to today's physical activity, the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury has also increased. In epidemiological studies, the prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injury is estimated to be about 1 in 3,000 Americans. Management of these injuries ranges from nonsurgical treatment to extracapsular enlargement and from primary ligament repair to reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament. Through the application of knowledge gained from basic science and clinical research, the treatment of these injuries has been significantly improved over the past few decades. This article is in two parts. The first part outlines the science underlying the biology and biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament and the reconstruction. In the second part, review the current concept of reconstructive surgery and clinical relevance, and publish later.

Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery Part 1: Biological and biomechanical reconstruction

More than 200,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are occurring every year in the United States. More than half of these injuries are estimated to have undergone surgical reconstruction. After ACL Reconstruction (ACLR), under the guidance of an orthopedic surgeon, a rehabilitation specialist is responsible for restoring the patient to the functional level before the damage. Over the past several decades the postoperative rehabilitation program has undergone a major change. Strict protocols based on surgical time were replaced by standards-based guidelines (Table 1). These guidelines follow progress that meets the selection criteria before the plan goes on. In this article, we will explain the progress of rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction.