Modernization in Afghanistan and Iran

Under Afghanistan's modernization process under the guidance of King Amanullah and Iran under the guidance of Shah Reza Pahlavi, I experienced various stages of the modernization process, some of them succeeded and some failed Did. In theory it is defined as "a concept in the field of social science and refers to the process by which society undergoes industrialization, urbanization and other social changes" (Zapf, 2004). Even without a single way to accomplish this process, evolution, diffusionism, structural functionalism, system theory and interactionism, and other fields such as political science, economics, anthropology, psychology etc.

It was not until 1383 that Timur expanded his field beyond Mawarannahr. In that year his armies crossed the Amu Darya River into Persia, conquered the area known as Khurasan (modern Iran and Afghanistan, and part of eastern Iran). By 1394, the regions of Far, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia also yielded to his army. If Timur wants to build a truly stable empire, that is doubtful because he is going to loot these areas more than taxation and compliments. At the same time, Timur 's disciple and a new ruler of Golden Hord, Taktamis, challenged Timur' s authority. As descendants of Genghis Khan, Taktamis regarded himself as the legitimate leader of the Post Mongol empire. Toqtamysh invaded Timur 's empire in 1385 and 1388, broke Timur' s generals twice. In retaliation Timur invaded the golden hordes in 1391 and beat Tactamisch. Despite being beaten, Tactamis regained power in 1395 and again invaded the Timur Empire.

Genghis Khan is located at the intersection of the trade routes connecting the East and the West and is intended to establish friendly relations with the Khwarezm empire which dominates Central Asia, Iran and Afghanistan. Genghis Khan thinks himself to be the highest ruler of the East, and Khwarezm Shah is the best ruler of the West. Khwarezm Shah has the opposite view, it has the opposite view, because there is only one ruler on Earth. Khwarezm Shah 1218 executed 450 messengers and merchants of Genghis Khan, the declaration of war. The Mongol army invaded the Heracam Empire in 1219. Herawaz Shah has more than 10 times the unit of the Mongolian army, but he lacks the courage and the initiative to unite and counterattack. Mongolian troops fired cities such as Otra, Bukhara, Melbe, Samarkand. When the Mongolian army besieged Fujian, Shar's warrior Temmerik led a bold resistance.