MODERN MANAGEMENT THEORIES AND PRACTICES

Contact address: political science and administrative department, social science department, Mark Rayleigh University PO Box 7062 KAMPALA - Uganda Telephone (not disclosed): 041-531499 Telephone: 077454019 Fax: 041-534181 E-mail: yolum @ ss.mak . Ac.ug as the 15th East African Central Bank course held at Kenya Institute of Finance on July 12, 2004

Henri Fayol has been welcomed by many people as the founder of modern management theory and practice. In the early 20th century, he proposed a unified, functional, professional and hierarchical organizational structure. Everything has that particular position there. Management is considered the whole content of planning, organization, forecasting, coordination, and management. Others built on Fayol's work, Morgan (1986) claimed that this work provided the foundation of management theory in the first half of the last century and is still in use today. Also in the early 20th century, Frederic Taylor drew on his understanding of traditional scientific and scientific methods and designed management theory - scientific management. He advocates the use of "scientific" measurement and analysis methods and divides all tasks into small repetitive components.

Scientific management has long been relevant in modern businesses and has shaped the practice of modern accounting. The management approach is particularly rooted in the classic management performed earlier. This is where the report is derived only from the management team. This is a common phenomenon in contemporary accounting systems, where accountants can notice and notify the relevant senior management when the budget is exceeded. Continual improvement of worker's performance and efficiency is always due to improvement of quality control. All of these are regarded as goals of scientific management. However, some believe that it is necessary to ensure that workers work harder.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the two management philosophy of Taylor and Henri Fayol. One management theory focuses on tasks, but another management theory focuses on people. Both theories have contributed to modern business practices. I will explain these theories and outline their efficiency and effectiveness in the current company. Taylor's management theory focuses on task management. This theory is called "scientific management" or "Taylorism". He discovered that two different workers performing the same task will have different results and number of outputs. He classified them as top-class workers and general workers (Sheldrake J, 2003a). Leading workers are not actively wasteful of time or restricted production, but active and productive. Although they are ideal work in many industries, not all workers are first class workers, most of them are ordinary workers. They can work slow and easy until they are paid