Methanol

Methanol (CH 3 OH), also known as methanol, wood alcohol or wood, is the simplest series of organic compounds called alcohols, composed of methyl groups (CH 3) bonded to hydroxyl groups (OH) It is. Methanol was formerly manufactured by destructive distillation of wood. A modern process for preparing methanol is based on a direct combination of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. Synthetic gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from biomass) is increasingly used in methanol production

Pure methanol is an important substance in chemical synthesis. Its derivatives are used in large quantities to make a large number of compounds such as many important synthetic dyes, resins, medicines and perfumes. Conversion to a large amount of dimethylaniline is used for dye, and formaldehyde is used for synthetic resin. It is also used for automotive antifreeze, rocket fuel, general solvents. Methanol is also a high octane number clean burning fuel, a potentially important substitute for automotive gasoline. Methanol derived from wood is mainly used to make industrial ethanol unsuitable for drinking.

Methanol is a colorless liquid that boils at 64.96 ° C (148.93 ° F) and solidifies at -93.9 ° C (-137 ° F). It forms an explosive mixture with air and burns with non-luminous flames. It is completely miscible with water. The odor of methanol is similar to ethanol, an anesthetic for alcoholic beverages, but it is a dangerous poison, many of blindness and death are caused by mixtures containing it.

Methanol and ethanol are gaining considerable attention as next-generation liquid fuels and there is a possibility of being widely used in the future. Because both methanol and ethanol are colorless liquids, it is difficult to distinguish between methanol and ethanol with the naked eye. Methanol is very toxic to human metabolism. Upon ingestion, serious illness (eye damage) and death may result. Therefore, there is a need for a simple and cost effective method for distinguishing methanol from ethanol.

Methanol is a liquid chemical of the formula CH 3 OH (commonly abbreviated as MeOH). It is colorless, volatile, flammable and toxic. Methanol is made from destructive distillation of wood and is synthesized mainly from carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Its main use is organic synthesis as fuel, solvent, antifreeze liquid. Today, three methods are commonly used to produce syngas from methane components in natural gas. These methods are endothermic steam methane or SMR, partial oxidation of exothermic molecular oxygen and the two combinations are called autothermal reforming.

VIII.E proposes standards for natural gas driven chemical / methanol pumps and diaphragm pumps. The proposed standard is a new post-retrofit and retrofit natural gas drive that reduces methane and VOC emissions by 95% everywhere in the source category (except for natural gas treatment plants) when control equipment is available in the field Request chemical / methanol pump and diaphragm pump. In the case of pneumatic pumps installed in natural gas treatment plants, the proposed standard requires zero methane and VOC emissions from natural gas driven chemical / methanol pumps and diaphragm pumps.

Natural gas is the most economical and widely used raw material for methanol production. However, other materials can also be used. Coal is increasingly used as a raw material for methanol production, especially in China. In addition, mature technology for biomass gasification is being implemented for methanol production. In humans, methanol is very toxic. Ingesting only 10 ml due to optic nerve damage can cause permanent blindness. Usually, the lethal dose is 100 to 125 ml (4 fluid ounces), but the fatal amount is only 30 ml. However, toxic effects take several hours to appear, effective antidotes usually prevent permanent damage.