Mary Midgley on the selfish metaphor: conceits of evolution

As a biologist and a complicated theorist Brian Goodwin proposed in 1991, "human" works as much as our competitiveness; because we are selfish altruism ... these are It is not romantic The ideal of desire and idealism comes from the rethinking of our nature in complex science. "(...)

From the broadest background, it is clear that competition is not the ultimate human reality, it is not the underlying creativity of the universe (as philosopher Daniel Dennet has said). Without too much internal cooperation, there are no entities that are complex enough to compete. In order to make a cell, it is necessary to combine cell organelles, and in order to make an army it is necessary to organize a soldier. Evolutionary biologist Even Richard Dawkins pointed out that the genes are actually cooperative rather than egotistic, in commemoration of the 30th anniversary of his iconic 'selfish' genre publication. (...)

Charles Darwin actually hates it and refuses to apply natural selection directly to social policy firmly. He insists that in "human breeds" human beings are deep social species that can not be obtained from selfish calculations. (...)

Now, the metaphor of old evolution needs to give way to a new concept based on comprehensive thinking - systematic thinking. In this way, evolutionary work can be regarded as understandable and constructive rather than competitive promoted random amount of gambling. If uncompetitive images are needed, system biologist Denis Noble has made excellent achievements at The Music Of Life, noting that it is not a car but natural development is not necessary. A single "driver" to guide it. He said that Symphony was caused not only by dominant instruments but also by their composers. Even growing organisms do not need even composers. They grow as a whole from a vast ancient system that is part of nature.

In article "The Selfish Metaphor" by Mary Midgley, the author is using the metaphor "Natural selection is just a filter, filter can not be the sole cause of coffee production" (paragraph 11). Through this metaphor, Midgray effectively represented more evolutionary backgrounds than mere background to the public. The natural choices conveyed as a filter ignore other aspects that help shape the evolution of the generation. Throughout the article, this metaphor fits this idea as it shows that it is necessary not only to see the concept of evolution but also to understand the real meaning behind the metaphor. Another metaphor to be used in this case is "... Fibonacci spirals and other natural patterns and forms various ways.

As relief against a selfish metaphor, Midley quotes complexity theorist Brian Goodwin, neurobiologist Steven Rose, paleontologist Simon Conway Morris, system biologist Dennis Noble, and of course mathematic biologist Darcy Thompson. These scholars demonstrated that "natural selection is complemented by self-organization with its own logic among each species." Midgley concludes that Midgley's thought on evolutionary thinking can all be said to be psychology. There are lots of metaphors of machines, especially computers. Biology is full of at least the concept of ecology. Gregory Bateson (and his colleagues) tried to introduce psychology and psychotherapy into the values ​​of systematic and figurative thinking through "psycho-ecological steps" announced in 1972.

After the record misunderstanding of Dawkins 'philosopher Mary Midgley' s debate about "selfish rapture", it is clear that the record of Dow Jones himself clearly modified this argument and the record is clear. But someone is wrong. Midley not only believes that Dawkins argues that evolutionary tendencies always produce selfish creatures, but also believes that they agree (genetic metaphors disrupt selfishness). Other genes are actually selfish and ridiculous (see Dawkins' refutation).