Landiflls and Open Dumps

Household garbage, garbage, tires, barrels, seats, shingles, asbestos, cooking utensils, furniture These items are not brought into certified and controlled solids, but on abandoned piles called open dumps It is a sample of included items. Waste landfill site or recycling center. Open dump is in the place where people want to throw trash, such as gully, roadside, alley, behind building, meadow. Open dump is an illegal waste disposal facility. If you do not dispose of open dumps immediately, it will grow in size and become dangerous for wildlife and the human environment.

In the early 20th century, outdoor stacking was a common waste disposal method. This involves throwing waste into open dumps without covering or protection. Dumps are usually in places with plenty of land. Common places of open dump are abandoned mines, quarries, wetlands, and mountainside. Waste usually accumulates as long as the equipment being used can manage access to dumps. Open dumping is very popular in developing countries as a means of waste disposal (Tchobanoglous et al., 1993). It is practiced in smaller homes, burned periodically to reduce waste, and in some cases flattened and compressed. This is a common practice in Ghana.

The three main types of landfill are open dump, managed / designed dump, and sanitary landfill. The open dump method is the first phase of final disposal site development and continues to be the primary waste disposal option for most developing countries, including limited amounts of waste disposal and management operations. Open dumps can inspect and record incoming waste, including limited compression of bulldozers and compactors. A controlled / designed landfill represents an attempt to further reduce the environmental impact. At the sanitary landfill site, for the management of natural gas, recovery and treatment of leachate, application of soil to daily waste, and implementation of closure and post-care planning after waste has ceased to enter the site , A series of measures will be taken (Table 2).

Before the landfill, most Americans lived in rural areas with few population. So they burned most of their waste with open dumps. Early landfills replaced these garbage dumps and did not attempt to compress or cover up garbage. Over the past decades, these garbage dumps have been replaced by landfill sites. Landfill sites are more complex in design and are regulated from land selection to reclamation to closure. Modern landfills are constructed using a variety of safety measures, including clay or plastic liners to contain leachate. Waste is usually compressed to increase its density and stability and is covered to prevent harmful organic matter from being attracted. When organic waste decomposes, gas containing methane as a greenhouse gas is generated. Part of the landfill (called battery) is closed, so pipes are usually installed to expel or incinerate the gas before the gas spreads out to the ground, increasing the risk of explosion.