Knowing in Nursing: The Four Fundamental Patterns

Nursing knowledge can be divided into four different basic knowledge models. These models include experience, aesthetics, personal knowledge in nursing, and ethical knowledge in nursing. Patterns of consciousness are important in education and practice including care, and are important throughout the field of nursing. In this article we summarize personal knowledge in nursing, nursing, nursing, ethical knowledge in nursing, and apply ethical knowledge to today's nursing practice.

Barbara Carper, a professor at the Texas Women's University Nursing College, wrote an article titled "Basic Model of Nursing Knowledge" in 1978. This shows four ways that nurses can use to fulfill patient needs. Today, many universities and nursing colleges use her basic model to help nursing students gain a more general assessment of how to understand and treat patients. One of the models of Carper is empirical knowledge, which is based on the results of the most relevant and supported evidence from the study. This includes research on the use of nursing informatics and medical technology.

According to Carper (1978) there are four basic models of nursing knowledge essential for nursing education and learning, including a critical analysis of the meaning of knowledge and the most valuable kind of knowledge in the field. Caring The four cognitive modes are experience, ethics, personal knowledge and aesthetics. Carper (1978) defines empirical knowledge as factual, descriptive, and ultimately in the development of abstract and theoretical interpretation. This type of knowledge includes knowledge gained through application of theory and application of scientific evidence learned through setting up textbooks and classrooms. Knowledge gained through empirical descriptions can be obtained in an official publicly verifiable way. Moral knowledge leads nurses in a way to face conflicting problems and solve them, and requires the application of moral reasoning

Carper (1978) believes that there are four basic patterns or types of care. These are known for his taxonomic knowledge and include experience, aesthetics, personal knowledge and ethics. The empirical elements of his taxonomy are related to nursing science, have the ability to describe, explain, and predict. The aesthetic dimension is related to the art of nursing. Personal knowledge is related to knowledge acquired from past nursing experiences by individuals, whereas the ethical elements of Carper taxonomy are directly related to decision making, rights and errors, value retention and application .