Joseph C. R. Licklider

Joseph C. R. Licklider died at the age of 75 on June 26, 1990. His cause of death was a heart attack due to complications caused by asthma. Licklider was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and is educated at the University of Washington and the University of Rochester. So he got three bachelor's degrees in mathematics, physics and psychology. Licklider is very popular, highly acclaimed for being very discreet and often makes others highly appreciate his ideas. Licklider's humility and manner may be part of his growth in the Midwest.

About 60 years ago, J. C. psychologist and computer scientist R. Licklider have announced landmark papers named "human-computer symbiosis". He is best known today as the Pentagon official who funds the Internet's predecessor ARPANET. But Licklider's writing also made him a pioneer of artificial intelligence. His 1960 paper had anticipated the era when machines transcended human reasoning. But he did not expect the machine to replace humans. Instead, Licklider's vision is built on the concept of symbiosis. Unlike those of contemporaries (most famous are Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates, and Elon Musk), he wants the machine to release us from chores and open up new possibilities for mankind.

Psychoacoustics has long established a symbiotic relationship with computer science, computer engineering, and computer networks. Internet pioneers J. C. R. Licklider and Bob Taylor both completed a postgraduate course in psychoacoustics and BBN Technologies specialized in acoustic consulting before establishing the first packet-switched computer network. Psychoacoustics is used in many areas of software development where developers create proven experimental mathematical models, in digital signal processing, many audio compression codecs such as MP3 and Opus use psychoacoustic models To increase the compression ratio. (High-end) audio system is designed to accurately reproduce music in theaters and at home, limited success of the defense system in the manufacture of new acoustic weapons that can cause injury, injury, or killing. frequency

After discussing with J. C. R. Licklider, Donald Davies began to be interested in data communications on computer networks. In 1965 at the National Physical Laboratory in the UK, Davis designed and proposed a domestic data network based on packet exchange. The following year he explained about the use of "interface computer" as a router. The proposal was not adopted nationwide, but by 1967 the pilot experiment proved the feasibility of a packet-switched network. By 1969, he began to build a Mark I packet-switched network to meet the interdisciplinary laboratory needs and demonstrate the technology under operational conditions. Twelve computers and 75 terminal devices were connected in 1976, and further computers were added before the network was replaced in 1986. NPL, followed by ARPANET are the world's first two networks using packet switching. Initially they were interconnected.