International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers(STCW)

INTRODUCTION Maritime trade and transportation can be interpreted as the oldest form of globalization and has grown into industry since then. Currently, more than 90% of world trade is done by maritime industry. Britain, the United States, China, Greece, and other countries flourished with the power of the sea, becoming the world powerhouse. Policies and governance are necessary to make the industry large and complicated and make it as efficient as possible. The industry has multiple jurisdictions, each of which has its own influence on the industry.

Currently, within the framework of the International Maritime Organization, the International Safety Control Regulations (ISM Code), Seafarers Training, Certification and Monitoring Standard 1995 (STCW '95), and International Ship Pollution Control Convention (MARPOL 73/78) Is presented. The Convention on the Safety of Life (SOLAS 74) and ISO 9001: 2000 standards serve as a technology related to the implementation of maritime safety, risk and crisis management within the industry. Currently located within the International Maritime Organization and based on long-term long-term efforts, not only the Marine Safety Commission (MSC) and the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) but also all its technical subcommittees (11 subcommittees There are also). And development is being considered "human factors" (Moore and Roberts 1995). Of course, the program has now developed ISM regulations to ensure safe shipping and pollution control of ships.

The first STCW Treaty was founded in 1978. Prior to the Convention, governments often set their own training, certification and supervision standards and ratings, without reference practices in other countries. The Convention gives seamen the minimum duties, training and qualifications. These countries must participate in these treaties. One of the most important features of this Convention is that vessels belonging to non-Contracting Parties are not treated more favorably with Parties' vessels. The convention is widely accepted because of the difficulties encountered by countries outside the Contracting States when accessing parties' ports. Since 2000, the treaty has 135 political parties, which is 97.53% of the world's shipping.