Improving Cooking Stove in Developing Countries

II. Literature review In developing countries, especially in rural areas, 5 billion people use biomass such as wood, charcoal, agricultural waste and animal waste to meet cooking energy demand. In many countries, these resources make up over 90% of household energy consumption. Without new policies, the number of people dependent on biomass will increase by more than 6 billion people by 2015 and by seven billion by 2030 due to population increase. In other words, one third of the world's population will still depend on these fuels.

This includes changing the source (improving the stove, cleaning the fuel), the home environment (improving ventilation), and the user's behavior (keeping the children away from the smoke during the peak cooking time) . These can be achieved through national policy (stove improvements, clean fuel supply and distribution) and at the regional level (through community development). Initial cost-benefit study of intervention to reduce indoor air pollution The study showed that for mortality benefits can cost more than 10 times more than cost. From the viewpoint of cost reduction per DALY, according to Indian data, it can save 50 to 100 dollars per DALY by improving the biomass stoves and if using kerosene and LPG stove in rural area it will cost 150 to 200 dollars per DALY There is a possibility.

Social factors such as political instability, violent armed conflict, discrimination, inequality, inequality (internal and intergenerational) do not contribute to health and sustainable development. Therefore, health and sustainable development also have moral or moral levels.

Millions of women in developing countries are cooking in stove burning wood, charcoal, crops, fertilizer. The soot from these stove collects black carbon in the household and in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide takes away heat after absorbing carbon dioxide. However, unlike carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is harmless even after inhalation and black carbon contains carcinogens, so there is the possibility of invading blood flow and serious damage to important organs Yes. Kirk Smith, a professor of environmental health at the University of California at Berkeley, told the World Health Organization: "The fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes in an hour", the sum of HIV / AIDS and tuberculosis. Women and children are facing the greatest risk