Importance (Functions) of soils

Soil is essential to life because it provides medium for plant growth, habitat for many insects and other organisms and can be used as a filtration system for surface water, carbon storage and atmospheric gas maintenance. Let's see each one in detail.

Insects and microorganisms (very small unicellular organisms) live in the soil and rely on soil for food and air

In the soil, various creatures such as insects and termites are inhabited. Supplies moisture and air necessary for decomposition of organic matter. (Learn more about soil ecosystems)

They provide habitat for producing new offspring to many organisms such as insects, embryonated eggs and rodents.

After rain and melting snow, water flows to the surface but most of the water will soak and penetrate the ground. As it descends through many layers of the ground, it is removed by dust, chemicals and other pollutants. This is why the aquifer (groundwater) is one of the purest water sources. Filtered water will also provide plants with clean, pollution-free water for growth

The soil helps to regulate atmospheric carbon dioxide by acting as a carbon reservoir. In the process of humus (a process in which soil organisms are complicated and forming stable organic matter), due to their high acidity and moisture content, some organic decomposition totally occurs, especially in soils like peat not.

On the global scale, soil contains twice as much carbon as the atmosphere and about three times the size of vegetation.

This leads to the accumulation of organic matter in the soil and high carbon content. Nitrogen, phosphorus and many other nutrients are stored in the soil, converted, and recycled

One of the most important functions of the soil is to provide ideal conditions for clay synthesis. Clay is a common term commonly used by soil scientists to explain that particles react chemically with ions, water and other particles, and is important because it is active. These responses are important to provide many ecosystem services. Clays are usually the most active mineral particles because of their unique chemical properties and their surface area is very large - clays can have ten thousand times the surface area of ​​sand of the same weight (Brady & Weil 2007). All of these surface areas make clay a hot spot of chemical reaction

Soil clay minerals play a very important role in the chemical reaction of soil and affect the transfer and retention of pollutants, metals and nutrients in the soil (Tucker, 1999). Soil clay minerals affect agricultural land, soil fertility and productivity (Ekosse et al., 2011). They affect physicochemical, physical and chemical properties of the soil and have a major influence on its use in agriculture (Ekosse et al., 2011). The contribution of clay minerals to soil CEC, buffer capacity, cation fixation and various physical and chemical properties depends on the nature and quantity of various minerals present (Pal, 2000).

The soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together maintain life. It is a medium of plant growth, it is a means of saving water, supplying water and purifying it, which causes a change in the atmosphere of the earth, which is the habitat of organisms. Everything this time will change the soil. The soil circle interacts with lithosphere, aquaticosphere, atmosphere, biosphere. The term rock commonly used to refer to soil is converted to a whetstone. Soil consists of a solid phase (soil matrix) of inorganic matter and organic matter and a porous phase including gas (soil atmosphere) and water (soil solution). Therefore, soil is often regarded as a three-state system of solid, liquid, gas.