Identity of Indiscernibles

3-2 What can be identified? One way to define a different identification concept than other objects is to understand the difference between the attributes of that object and the attributes of other objects. Therefore, the definition of identifiability includes the difference between the attributes of an object and the attributes of other objects. For example, two objects can be distinguished from each other. If they are not the same, those attributes are not shared.

2) Identifiable identifiers. The two things are the same only if they share only the same attributes and the same attributes. This is often cited in modern logic and philosophy. "Identifiable identity" is often referred to as Leibniz's law. It caused the most controversy and criticism, especially from particle philosophy and quantum mechanics. This may be a cyclic tautology and it may not be correct, depending on how it is interpreted. 4) Pre-established harmony. "The proper nature of each substance informs people that what happens with matter occurs in everything else but does not interact directly." Knowing that it hit " "The ground was not caused by a collision with the ground but" forced "the crack of the glass

Although PC and PSR seem to be innocent, Leibniz 's another well-known principle "Principle of undiscriminable identity" (PII) is controversial. In a typical Leibniz formulation, PII states that "the two substances are completely similar and the amounts are different, this is not correct" (A VI, iv, 1541 / AG 42) In other words, if two things share all the attributes, they are the same, or (∀ F) (F x ↔ F y) → x = y. However, it is noteworthy that Leibniz argues that certain types of attributes are excluded from the list of attributes that can be counted as difference attributes, mainly considered to be due to these temporal spatial characteristics . This is what I meant when Leibniz (part) insists that there was no pure external (ie relationship) decision. In Leibniz 's opinion, such external differences must be based on internal differences. As he said in a new paper,

There is also evidence that corporate Kirk and Risa 's Kirk are not the same person, that is Leibniz' s law, identity unrecognizability, unrecognized identity. Leibniz 's law (Leibnez is also known as a person who discovers calculus at the same time as Newton) is a dual condition and claims as follows. , Y has, and for any attributes y has, x has. In fact, it is very obvious to understand this easily. If the two objects are the same, they all need to share the same properties. For example, I-Keith and the people who wrote this article are the same as they are the same. This law is important as the disprove proves this. All objects that do not have attributes of other objects are different. So you can not copy it