Humanism and national unity: the ideological reconstruction of France

Contents: Italian Communist Party and Cultural Transformation Politics, 1945-50 / Writing and Real World Society: Postwar Italian Communist Party and Cultural Transformation Politics, 1945-50 / Writing and Real World Society: Italian Stories in the Reconstruction Period / Michael Cesar - Production and Manufacture of New Italian Realism after the War / David Forgacs - 1945 To the Italian film of the year / Christopher Wagstaff - French and Italian reconstruction of movie tradition and social transformation / Pierre Sorin - Humanitarian and national unity: France's ideological reconstruction / Michael Kelly - Les Lettres Franca? Spells and the French "Renaissance" failure after the war / Nicholas Hewitt - Cultural reconstruction: Peuple et Culture and Popular Education Movement / Brian Rigby. Cultural tradition of Chameleon: Case of Jacques Laurent / Colin Nettelbec - German literature of 1945: the beginning of liberation / Helmut Peach - continuity or change? : Written by West Germany after 1945 / Keith Bullivant - Reconstruction of the West German Theater / Ursula Fries

In the 15 years after the end of the Second World War, the mainstream ideology of France is humanism, which was built around the central concept of mankind. For most people in the fourth Republic, humanism is considered a matter of course. It functions as a touchstone of value being recognized by all competing ideologies, even in the 1960s theory at all without controversy. It is not even recognized as an ideology before the impact. I hope to show that the advantage of France-humanism after the war has evolved into an ideological framework in certain situations of liberation.

Ideology is also an integral part of the definition of Anthony Smith's nationalism (Smith 2001: ch.2). The latter is an ideological movement used to achieve and maintain autonomy, unity, identity of some people, and some people think that when they constitute an actual or potential "state" I believe (Smith 1999: 256, 2001: 9). Its core doctrine or belief system consists of at least six interrelated ideas or "basic propositions". (1) The world can be divided into countries with their own unique characteristics, history and destiny. (3) loyalty to the state overwhelms all other loyalties, (4) freedom, must belong to all countries, (5) countries in each country He needs full self-expression and autonomy. (6) Peace and justice in the world requires a world of autonomous countries (Smith 2001: 22)

In Malaysia, the foundation of solidarity is national ideology (Rukun Negara). The unity of the state is expected to be achieved through unity at each level of territory, economy, politics, education, society and culture. The ultimate goal is, of course, global and permanent integration. What is the cause of the riot on May 13? Misunderstanding of Kuala Lumpur Kampungval. Some opposition parties are enthusiastic about blessing the victory of the party in the general election. Their behavior is beyond the scope of law and social ethics, too much. A humiliating cry and uncontrollable behavior angered some of the other supporters. One is mainly Chinese, the other is purely Malay. The exchange of uncontrolled speech soon evolved into a racial conflict between Malaysia and the Chinese. In order to control this, the government immediately imposed curfew and declared an emergency. Congress is suspended