Human Speech and the FOXP2 Gene

This is my report on the evolution of speech and genes involved in it, called FOXP 2. (Figure 1 - FOXP2 protein) The Foxp2 gene is on 7q31 chromosome and encodes 715 amino acid protein - a transcription factor forkhead box protein P2. The forkhead box protein P2 has a fork head box DNA binding domain and makes this protein a member of the transcription factor FOX family. Transcription factors are known to regulate gene expression in various types of organ systems such as lungs, internal organs and fireplaces.

Genetic changes as a barrier to FOXP2 related languages ​​and languages ​​destroys the activity of the FOXP2 gene. Since forkhead box P2 is a transcription factor, these changes affect the activity of other genes in the developing brain. Researchers are working to determine which genes are involved and how their activity changes lead to abnormal language and language development. Other features related to FOXP2-related language disorders and language disorders, including motor development delay and autistic spectrum disorder, may be due to changes in other genes on chromosome 7. For example, in affected individuals involved in deletion of chromosome 7, loss of FOXP2 is thought to disrupt language and language development, but loss of nearby genes results in other symptoms and signs. FOXP 2 related languages ​​and speech disorders in patients with UPD 7 chromosome are part of a larger disease of Russell-Silver syndrome

As its name suggests, FOXP2 related speech and language barriers are caused by changes in the FOXP2 gene. This gene provides an example of protein production called forkhead box P2. And it seems indispensable for normal development of language and language. Forkhead Box P2 protein is active in various tissues before and after birth including the brain. It acts as a transcription factor, which means that it helps to control the activity of other genes. Researchers believe that many of the genes targeted by forkhead box P2 play an important role in the relationship between brain development and nerve cells.

However, FOXP 2 is clearly involved in molecular pathways behind languages ​​and languages. Clinicians in several countries have reported patients with language and language problems like abnormal FOXP2 gene and KE. Geschwind took several steps to reveal the link between FOXP 2 and the language. He and Fisher recently studied human fetal brain and neural cell cultures to identify genes whose FOXP2 protein turns on or off in the brain. They have linked FOXP 2 to more than 200 genes that control neuronal development, the release of neurotransmitters that transmit information between nerves, and the underlying synaptic changes in learning and memory. Some of these genes may participate in languages ​​and languages.