Human organ transplantation

Organ transplantation is usually the only treatment for organ dysfunction in the final state such as liver and heart failure. Patients with end stage renal disease can be treated with other renal replacement therapy, but kidney transplantation is often considered the best treatment for quality of life and cost effectiveness. Kidney transplantation is the most common transplant in the world.

Procurement of transplanted organs involves removing organs from the body of the deceased. This deletion must comply with the legal requirements, including the definition of death and consent.

Risk of kidney donation for healthy and carefully selected healthy donors is minimal. This is only guaranteed by donor follow-up to ensure strict selection procedures, prudent surgical nephrectomy, and optimal management of adverse outcomes.

The transplantation society announced an agreement statement on the care of kidney donors, attended by representatives of the World Health Organization, through a forum consisting of more than 100 experts gathered from over 40 countries. This agreement statement addresses community responsibility for living donors. In particular, it defines the responsibilities of the transplant center, among other things, facilitating long-term follow-up of living donors and, if necessary, mergers that may be important to determine treatment, risk It is responsible for identifying and tracking the disease. Disclosure of Informed Consent (Amsterdam Forum Agreement Statement on Live Kidney Donor Care [pdf 100 kb])

In the plan to encourage them to sell kidneys using vulnerable groups, the welfare of living kidney donors has been largely ignored.

Resolution WHA 57.18. (2004) recognized the risk of using a kidney live donor and urged Member States to "protect the most protected group from transplant tourism and organization / organ sales" and join the Secretary-General Provide support to request to become a country

Another ethical question unique to the human organ transplantation industry is the purchase and sale of human organs for transplantation. In some Central America and some South American countries, and some Middle Eastern countries, illegal markets for human organs have prospered over the past decades. Recently, this practice has spread to several European countries, even even the United States when economically poor people have found themselves needing money to make a living. In many cases, these people promise thousands of dollars worth of kidneys and bone marrow, but they may be subject to organ dealers for post-payment. Worse yet, this medical procedure is done in a nonclinical setting, sometimes by a nonclinically trained harvester.

The history of human organ transplantation is a magnificent journey to understand how the human body functions and how it helps humans extend their longevity. The curiosity of transplantation passed before modern medicine in the 9th century BC, people sewed parts of animals. Then in the 4th century BC, the text of China explained Tsin Yue-Jen, a surgeon who changed their minds. This is the first document of human transplantation. In 1878, the first bone to undergo bone grafting occurred. In 1909, the first recorded human kidney transplant animal developed. The animals used are rabbits. This was a huge success, but the patient died two weeks later. In 2000, more than 300,000 Americans were undergoing dialysis, and if there were organs most of them could benefit from the transplant. In 2003, about 18 people died on the waiting list every day. We have made major progress in modern medicine, but we can reduce the number of people on the list of waiters.

"The use of human organs for transplantation is only a fraction of the total number of people who urgently need organ transplants, which is a major demand for modern medicine.Ethical and biological safety issues "In the first part of a new study published in Science magazine, scientists proved for the first time that Pervs will succeed from pig to human beings. However, the second part focuses on solving this problem by deleting Perv using gene editing techniques.