Human Genetics

The Human Genome Project genome is defined as a complete collection of biological genetic material. The human genome consists of about 50,000 to 100,000 genes located on 23 pairs of chromosomes in human cells. It is said that one human chromosome may contain more than 250 million DNA base pairs, and the entire human genome is estimated to be about 3 billion base pairs. DNA is collected from blood samples taken from various people. Each person has its own DNA set, but the difference between given sample pairs is less than 1%, which makes the difference thin compared to similarity.

Human genetics accounts for genetic research as it occurs in humans. Human genetics includes various overlapping fields including classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemistry genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling I will. Common factors characteristic of most human genetic characteristics Studying human genetics makes it possible to answer questions about human nature, to understand the onset of disease and treatment of effective diseases, It can be useful as we can understand the genetics of life in.

Human behavior genetics is a subfield of behavioral genetics that studies the effects of genetic and environmental influences on human behavior. Traditionally, human behavior geneticists have studied inheritance of behavioral characteristics. This field initially focused on testing genetic influences for human behavior (eg whether genes affect human behavior) or not. To cope with the more complicated problem such as the importance of the influence of genetic and environmental influences on various behavioral characteristics of humans and the extent to which the influence of the same genetic and environmental influences on overlapping of human behavioral characteristics It has evolved into. How the impact of genetics and / or environment on behaviors will change through the development process; what kind of environmental factors will reduce the importance of genetic influence on human behavior (gene-environment interaction) . This field is interdisciplinary and comes from genetics, psychology and statistics.

Molecular genetics studies have led to the study of human genetics and consider genetics genetics in humans. For example, most of the characteristics of humans and other species are a combination of genetic and environmental influences. In addition, some genes, such as those encoded by adjacent spots on a single chromosome, are often inherited together rather than being inherited independently. On the other hand, other genes, genes encoded by the mitochondrial genome are inherited only from the mother. Genes encoded on the Y chromosome are handed out only from father to son. Scientists use HGP data to estimate that the human genome contains 20,000 to 25,000 genes.