http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/publications/abstract.aspx?ID=145539

The history of the New York City police traced back from the 1625 's to the 1990' s, focusing on changes in police organization and response to crime.

In the Netherlands era from 1625 to 1664, the first professional police station was established in New Amsterdam. The police arrested the criminal by using the handbell to deter the crime while traveling around the street. According to British regulations from 1664 to 1783, police officers were accused of maintaining peace. They are focused on crimes such as excessive drinking, gambling, prostitution, and church worship riots. During the revolutionary war, British forces appointed military chief of staff to protect the residents of New York City and hired civic patrols. After independence, New York adopted the police model of London, established a fee-based special police officer in 1828. In 1845 the first printing rules and regulations were issued to the police, and in 1853 a uniform set was handed over. Later, the Metropolitan Police Agency Law was enacted. During the Civil War, violent crimes in New York City increased, police insurance funds were established in 1864, ensuring the economic security of the police families who were murdered or wary of their duties. The police station in New York was reorganized between 1870 and 1894. In 1898, the agency assimilated the 18 small police institutions, and later used the plain clothing cops for the first time. From 1900 to 1920, this department experienced the era of modernization. After the First World War, Great Depression, World War II, and the civil war of the 1960s, the focus of the 1970s was to rebuild the relationship between the police and the community. In the 1980s, efforts were made to balance the relationship between the police and the community quickly and community policing was adopted in the early 1990s.

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