How to determine the kinds of crops suitable to different types of soil?

Different crops require different types of soil, different types and amounts of nutrients, and different types and amounts of water. The amount of water needed for plants also depends on the season of growth and the climate where it grows. By choosing suitable crops for given soil conditions and climate, optimize yield and save demand for irrigation water

This soil is common in northern India, especially in the delta. Alluvial soil is deposited by rivers, abundant in nutrients (especially potassium and humus), but lacking nitrogen and phosphorus. They are cooler and drain faster than many other soils. Among these soils, rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, jute are well grown.

Black soil comes in color from various salt and humus. It contains a lot of clay, but it is sand even in the mountains. This soil contains a reasonable amount of phosphorus, but the nitrogen content is very low. This soil is also used for rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton. It is also used to raise peanuts, millet and oil seeds.

These soils are found in areas with heavy rain in India, especially near the coast. It is iron-rich and acidic soil, giving the soil a red appearance. It is used for growing tropical crops such as cashew nuts, rubber, coconut, tea, coffee.

These soils are in the Himalayas and contain a lot of organic matter. Although slightly acidic, it is suitable for cultivating tea, coffee, spices and various kinds of tropical fruits.

The names of the red and yellow soils are derived from the large amount of iron oxide present therein. They are sandy and somewhat acidic and have low levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Still, red and yellow soil are used to grow rice, wheat, sugar cane, millet, peanut, ragi and potato.

There are many other kinds of soil in India, but it is not suitable for cultivating crops. Nutrient content of salt water alkaline soil is too low and salinity content of productive agriculture is too high. Wetland soil is also not suitable, mainly because of its high acidity.

Different soil types are suitable for different crops, but generally in a temperate climate, sandy soil dries quickly but it gets warmer early and it is suitable for early periods. You can extend the growth period by using wool, closet, vinyl cover, multi-channel, greenhouse. In hot areas, the production of vegetables is limited by climate, especially in the form of rainfall, whereas in temperate areas it is limited by temperature and length.

Certain soil types and climate types are suitable for one or more crops. Neil has different climates and soil types. However, there is not enough research and experimentation to find the best crops as well as the best climate and soil types. In this respect, the government's plan and efforts are not sufficient.

Different crops require different types of soil, different types and amounts of nutrients, and different types and amounts of water. The amount of water needed for plants also depends on the season of growth and the climate where it grows. We can optimize production and reduce the demand for irrigation water by selecting suitable crops that match the given soil conditions and climate. This soil is common in northern India, especially in the delta. Alluvial soil is deposited by rivers, abundant in nutrients (especially potassium and humus), but lacking nitrogen and phosphorus. They are cooler and drain faster than many other soils. Among these soils, rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, jute are well grown.

Economic environment for crop production: Soil is a potential environment for growth and development of various crops and plants. It provides the proper conditions for root germination and growth. Soil is the foundation of any production system for agriculture, forestry and fishery. Because the soil stores water and nutrients, it can be used for proper growth and development of crops, meadows, forests and vegetation. Soil quality (relative ratio of sand, silt, clay), soil structure (arrangement of aggregate particles in soil), color of soil (indicator of soil condition), consistency of soil (aggregation and attachment between soil particles) And soil moisture (moisture and moisture contained in the soil) are important physical properties of the soil supporting plant growth and development for many economic benefits (Brady and Weil, 2007).