How Mafias Migrate: The Case of the 'Ndrangheta in Northern Italy

What are the conditions for the long-term transplant of the New World Mafia? In this article, after systematically reviewing some of the factors that contributed to this outcome, two attempts of porting to the town of Bardonecchia (Piedmont) and Verona (Veneto) by members of the Calabria mafia organization Ndrangheta I examined it. The previous case succeeded but the latter failed. In this article, it is said that the characteristics of the regional economy - the existence of an important unprotected economic sector and the existence of the provinces rather than the export orientation - created the necessity of crime protection and that it was well transplanted in the presence of such need I have concluded. Large migration and forced migration of Mafia are not enough to predict transplantation. This article shows that contrary to existing social capital and confidence theory, high interpersonal trust among local legal compliance residents is not enough to prevent Mafia transplant.

The core problem of Varese is why the Mafia transplant succeeds and fails. Varese uses his successful and unsuccessful cases to support his argument. Examples of success are Sicily Mafia in New York, Ndrangheta in Bardonecchia in northern Italy, Russian mafia in Hungary. Failure included Sicilia Mafia in Argentina, Ndrangheta in Verona in northern Italy, Mafia in Russia in Rome, Taiwan and the underground world in Hong Kong. Varesz recognized that most mafia had been forced to migrate by court order to escape the expansion of judicial or mafia and war. Once they enter the new field, however, they start investing in the local economy. When investment is combined with the specific needs of mafia supply and protection services, the group will settle

Last year, the total sales of Calabrian mafia Ndrangheta, which had formed the toes of Italian boots, was about $ 75 billion. According to the Guardian reported in March this will merge with McDonald's and Deutsche Bank, which is equivalent to 3.5% of Italy's 2013 GDP. It is done through extortion, abuse of loans, gambling, prostitution, and through narcotics and trafficking. At least, according to the Italian Demoscope Institute. Can a mafia really earn McDonald's? It may not be the case. Research institutes in Italy are used to suggesting such things, and the method is not necessarily so scientific. In the paper published at GlobalCrime, the Italian researcher Francco Calderoni of the TransCrime research group pointed out that the tendency to increase these numbers is fully compliant with the "mythical number" theory.